idk rewrite this again

crates/renderer/src/images.rs

@@ -449,7 +449,11 @@ impl Image {
             });
         }
 
-        if !desc.mip_range.fits_in(self.desc.mip_levels) {
+        // update imageview desc to make sure the mip range and layer ranges don't contain `vk::REMAINING_MIP_LEVELS`.
+        desc.mip_range.set_max_end(self.desc.mip_levels);
+        desc.layer_range.set_max_end(self.desc.array_layers);
+
+        if !MipRange::from(..self.desc.mip_levels).contains(desc.mip_range) {
             tracing::error!(
                 "image view mip range {:?} exceeds image mip levels {}",
                 desc.mip_range,
@@ -785,10 +789,12 @@ impl From<(i32, i32, i32)> for Offset {
     }
 }
 
+/// `start..end` range of mip levels or array layers.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+#[repr(C)]
 pub struct MipRange {
-    start: u32,
-    end: u32,
+    pub start: u32,
+    pub end: u32,
 }
 
 impl Default for MipRange {
@@ -801,6 +807,24 @@ impl Default for MipRange {
 }
 
 impl MipRange {
+    pub fn new(start: u32, end: u32) -> Self {
+        Self { start, end }
+    }
+    pub fn single(level: u32) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            start: level,
+            end: level + 1,
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn with_max_end(mut self, end: u32) -> Self {
+        self.set_max_end(end);
+        self
+    }
+    pub fn set_max_end(&mut self, end: u32) {
+        if self.end == vk::REMAINING_MIP_LEVELS {
+            self.end = end;
+        }
+    }
     pub fn len(&self) -> u32 {
         self.end - self.start
     }
@@ -813,6 +837,8 @@ impl MipRange {
         self.end
     }
 
+    /// Returns the intersection of this range with another range.
+    /// If the ranges do not intersect, returns an empty range.
     pub fn range(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
         Self {
             start: self.start.max(other.start).min(self.end),
@@ -828,10 +854,19 @@ impl MipRange {
         self.start < total_mips && (self.end == vk::REMAINING_MIP_LEVELS || self.end <= total_mips)
     }
 
-    pub fn intersects(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+    pub fn contains(&self, other: Self) -> bool {
+        self.start <= other.start && self.end >= other.end
+    }
+
+    pub fn intersects(&self, other: Self) -> bool {
         self.start < other.end && self.end > other.start
     }
 
+    /// Returns the union of this range with another range.
+    /// The union of two ranges is the smallest range that contains both ranges.
+    /// Note that since the union of two ranges may contain values that are not
+    /// in either range, this function does not satisfy the properties of a
+    /// mathematical union operation.
     pub fn union(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
         Self {
             start: self.start.min(other.start),
@@ -840,6 +875,59 @@ impl MipRange {
     }
 }
 
+use core::ops::{BitAnd, BitAndAssign, BitOr, BitOrAssign};
+
+macro_rules! impl_op {
+    (impl $trait:ident {$fn:ident} for $ty:ident { fn: $method:ident }) => {
+        impl $trait for $ty {
+            type Output = $ty;
+
+            fn $fn(self, rhs: $ty) -> Self::Output {
+                self.$method(&rhs)
+            }
+        }
+        impl $trait<&$ty> for $ty {
+            type Output = $ty;
+
+            fn $fn(self, rhs: &$ty) -> Self::Output {
+                self.$method(rhs)
+            }
+        }
+        impl $trait<&$ty> for &$ty {
+            type Output = $ty;
+
+            fn $fn(self, rhs: &$ty) -> Self::Output {
+                self.$method(rhs)
+            }
+        }
+        impl $trait<$ty> for &$ty {
+            type Output = $ty;
+
+            fn $fn(self, rhs: $ty) -> Self::Output {
+                self.$method(&rhs)
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    (impl $trait:ident {$fn:ident} for $ty:ident { λ: $method:expr }) => {
+        impl $trait for $ty {
+            fn $fn(&mut self, rhs: $ty) {
+                $method(self, &rhs)
+            }
+        }
+        impl $trait<&$ty> for $ty {
+            fn $fn(&mut self, rhs: &$ty) {
+                $method(self, rhs)
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+impl_op!(impl BitOr { bitor } for MipRange { fn: union });
+impl_op!(impl BitOrAssign { bitor_assign } for MipRange { λ: |this: &mut MipRange, other: &MipRange| {*this = this.union(other)} });
+impl_op!(impl BitAnd { bitand } for MipRange { fn: range });
+impl_op!(impl BitAndAssign { bitand_assign } for MipRange { λ: |this: &mut MipRange, other: &MipRange| {*this = this.range(other)} });
+
 impl IntoIterator for MipRange {
     type Item = u32;
 
@@ -1071,6 +1159,89 @@ pub enum FormatClass {
     YuvG14X2B14X2R14X2Biplane422,
 }
 
+impl FormatClass {
+    pub fn block_size(self) -> u32 {
+        use FormatClass::*;
+
+        match self {
+            S8 | Bits8 | Alpha8 => 1,
+            D16 | Bits16 => 2,
+            Bits24 | D24 | D16S8 => 3,
+            Bits32 | D24S8 => 4,
+            D32S8 => 5,
+            Bits48 => 6,
+            Bits64 | D32 => 8,
+            Bits96 => 12,
+            Bits128 => 16,
+            Bits192 => 24,
+            Bits256 => 32,
+
+            Bc1Rgb | Bc1Rgba => 8,
+            Bc2 | Bc3 | Bc6h | Bc7 => 16,
+            Bc4 => 8,
+            Bc5 => 16,
+
+            Etc2Rgb | Etc2Rgba | EacR => 8,
+            Etc2EacRgba | EacRg => 16,
+
+            Astc4x4 | Astc5x4 | Astc5x5 | Astc6x5 | Astc6x6 | Astc8x5 | Astc8x6 | Astc8x8
+            | Astc10x5 | Astc10x6 | Astc10x8 | Astc10x10 | Astc12x10 | Astc12x12 => 16,
+
+            YuvG8B8G8R8_422 | YuvB8G8R8G8_422 => 2,
+
+            YuvG8B8R8Triplane420
+            | YuvG8B8R8Biplane420
+            | YuvG10X6B10X6R10X6Triplane420
+            | YuvG10X6B10X6R10X6Biplane420
+            | YuvG12X4B12X4R12X4Triplane420
+            | YuvG12X4B12X4R12X4Biplane420
+            | YuvG16B16R16Triplane420
+            | YuvG16B16R16Biplane420 => 1,
+            YuvG8B8R8Triplane422 => todo!(),
+            YuvG8B8R8Biplane422 => todo!(),
+            YuvG8B8R8Triplane444 => todo!(),
+            YuvG10X6B10X6R10X6Triplane422 => todo!(),
+            YuvG10X6B10X6R10X6Biplane422 => todo!(),
+            YuvG10X6B10X6R10X6Triplane444 => todo!(),
+            YuvG12X4B12X4R12X4Triplane422 => todo!(),
+            YuvG12X4B12X4R12X4Biplane422 => todo!(),
+            YuvG12X4B12X4R12X4Triplane444 => todo!(),
+            YuvG16B16R16Triplane422 => todo!(),
+            YuvG16B16R16Biplane422 => todo!(),
+            YuvG16B16R16Triplane444 => todo!(),
+            YuvG8B8R8Biplane444 => todo!(),
+            YuvG10X6B10X6R10X6Biplane444 => todo!(),
+            YuvG12X4B12X4R12X4Biplane444 => todo!(),
+            YuvG16B16R16Biplane444 => todo!(),
+            Bits64R10G10B10A10 => todo!(),
+            Bits64G10B10G10R10_422 => todo!(),
+            Bits64B10G10R10G10_422 => todo!(),
+            Bits64R12G12B12A12 => todo!(),
+            Bits64G12B12G12R12_422 => todo!(),
+            Bits64B12G12R12G12_422 => todo!(),
+            Bits64G16B16G16R16_422 => todo!(),
+            Bits64B16G16R16G16_422 => todo!(),
+            Bits64R14G14B14A14 => todo!(),
+            Pvrtc1_2bpp => todo!(),
+            Pvrtc1_4bpp => todo!(),
+            Pvrtc2_2bpp => todo!(),
+            Pvrtc2_4bpp => todo!(),
+            Astc3x3x3 => todo!(),
+            Astc4x3x3 => todo!(),
+            Astc4x4x3 => todo!(),
+            Astc4x4x4 => todo!(),
+            Astc5x4x4 => todo!(),
+            Astc5x5x4 => todo!(),
+            Astc5x5x5 => todo!(),
+            Astc6x5x5 => todo!(),
+            Astc6x6x5 => todo!(),
+            Astc6x6x6 => todo!(),
+            YuvG14X2B14X2R14X2Biplane420 => todo!(),
+            YuvG14X2B14X2R14X2Biplane422 => todo!(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl From<vk::Format> for FormatClass {
     fn from(format: vk::Format) -> Self {
         use vk::Format as F;

crates/renderer/src/render_graph/commands.rs

@@ -41,120 +41,142 @@ impl<T: Resource> Command for ImportResource<T> {
     }
 }
 
-// pub struct CopyBuffers {
-//     pub src: Read<BufferSlice>,
-//     pub dst: Write<BufferSlice>,
-// }
-
-// pub struct CopyTextures {
-//     pub src: Read<TextureRegion>,
-//     pub dst: Write<TextureRegion>,
-// }
-
-// pub struct CopyBufferToTexture {
-//     pub src: Read<BufferSlice>,
-//     pub dst: Write<TextureRegion>,
-// }
-
-// pub struct CopyTextureToBuffer {
-//     pub src: Read<TextureRegion>,
-//     pub dst: Write<BufferSlice>,
-// }
-
-pub struct Copy<T: Resource, U: Resource> {
-    pub src: T,
-    pub dst: U,
+pub trait BufferImageBufferCopyRegion {
+    fn regions(&self) -> &[BufferRows];
 }
-impl<T: Resource, U: Resource> Copy<T, U> {
-    fn side_effects_inner(&self, mut map: SideEffectMap) {
-        self.src.side_effect(map.reborrow().into_side_effect_map2(
-            vk::PipelineStageFlags2::TRANSFER,
+impl BufferImageBufferCopyRegion for BufferRows {
+    fn regions(&self) -> &[BufferRows] {
+        core::slice::from_ref(self)
+    }
+}
+impl<T: AsRef<[BufferRows]>> BufferImageBufferCopyRegion for T {
+    fn regions(&self) -> &[BufferRows] {
+        self.as_ref()
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait ImageCopyRegion {
+    fn regions(&self) -> &[TextureRegion];
+}
+impl ImageCopyRegion for TextureRegion {
+    fn regions(&self) -> &[TextureRegion] {
+        core::slice::from_ref(self)
+    }
+}
+impl<T: AsRef<[TextureRegion]>> ImageCopyRegion for T {
+    fn regions(&self) -> &[TextureRegion] {
+        self.as_ref()
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait BufferCopyRegion {
+    fn regions(&self) -> &[BufferRange];
+}
+impl BufferCopyRegion for BufferRange {
+    fn regions(&self) -> &[BufferRange] {
+        core::slice::from_ref(self)
+    }
+}
+impl<T: AsRef<[BufferRange]>> BufferCopyRegion for T {
+    fn regions(&self) -> &[BufferRange] {
+        self.as_ref()
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct CopyBuffers<T: BufferCopyRegion> {
+    pub src: Buffer,
+    pub src_region: T,
+    pub dst: Buffer,
+    pub dst_region: T,
+}
+
+pub struct CopyTextures<T: ImageCopyRegion> {
+    pub src: Texture,
+    pub src_region: T,
+    pub dst: Texture,
+    pub dst_region: T,
+}
+
+pub struct CopyBufferToTexture<T: BufferImageBufferCopyRegion, U: ImageCopyRegion> {
+    pub src: Buffer,
+    pub src_region: T,
+    pub dst: Texture,
+    pub dst_region: U,
+}
+
+pub struct CopyTextureToBuffer<T: ImageCopyRegion, U: BufferImageBufferCopyRegion> {
+    pub src: Texture,
+    pub src_region: T,
+    pub dst: Buffer,
+    pub dst_region: U,
+}
+
+fn copy_side_effects_inner<T, U>(src: &T, dst: &U, mut map: SideEffectMap)
+where
+    T: Resource,
+    U: Resource,
+{
+    src.side_effect(map.reborrow().into_side_effect_map2(
+        vk::PipelineStageFlags2::COPY,
         vk::AccessFlags2::TRANSFER_READ,
         Some(vk::ImageLayout::TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL),
     ));
-        self.src.side_effect(map.reborrow().into_side_effect_map2(
-            vk::PipelineStageFlags2::TRANSFER,
+    dst.side_effect(map.reborrow().into_side_effect_map2(
+        vk::PipelineStageFlags2::COPY,
         vk::AccessFlags2::TRANSFER_WRITE,
         Some(vk::ImageLayout::TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL),
     ));
 }
-}
 
-impl Command for Copy<BufferRowSlice, TextureRegion> {
-    fn side_effects(&self, map: SideEffectMap) {
-        self.side_effects_inner(map)
+impl<T, U> Command for CopyBufferToTexture<T, U>
+where
+    T: BufferImageBufferCopyRegion,
+    U: ImageCopyRegion,
+{
+    fn side_effects(&self, mut map: SideEffectMap) {
+        let src_map = map.reborrow().into_side_effect_map2(
+            vk::PipelineStageFlags2::COPY,
+            vk::AccessFlags2::TRANSFER_READ,
+            Some(vk::ImageLayout::TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL),
+        );
+
+        let src_id = self.src.id();
+        for region in self.src_region.regions() {
+            src_map.insert_range(src_id);
+        }
     }
 
     fn apply(self, recorder: &mut CommandRecorder) {
         let cmd = recorder.cmd_buffer();
         let dev = &cmd.device().raw;
 
-        // it doesn't really make sense to copy the same data into multiple mip
-        // levels, considering the mip extents are different for each level.
-        debug_assert_eq!(self.dst.range.mip_levels.len(), 1);
-
-        let regions = &[vk::BufferImageCopy2::default()
-            .buffer_offset(self.src.row.offset)
-            .buffer_row_length(self.src.row.row_size)
-            .buffer_image_height(self.src.row.row_count)
-            .image_offset(self.dst.range.offset())
-            .image_extent(self.dst.range.extent())
-            .image_subresource(
-                vk::ImageSubresourceLayers::default()
-                    .aspect_mask(self.dst.range.aspect)
-                    .mip_level(self.dst.range.mip_levels.start())
-                    .base_array_layer(self.dst.range.array_layers.start())
-                    .layer_count(self.dst.range.array_layers.len()),
-            )];
-
-        let info = vk::CopyBufferToImageInfo2::default()
-            .src_buffer(recorder.get_buffer_handle(self.src.id()))
-            .dst_image(recorder.get_image_handle(self.dst.id()))
-            .dst_image_layout(recorder.get_image_layout(self.dst.id()))
-            .regions(regions);
-
-        unsafe {
-            dev.cmd_copy_buffer_to_image2(cmd.raw(), &info);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Command for Copy<BufferRowSlices, TextureRegions> {
-    fn side_effects(&self, map: SideEffectMap) {
-        self.side_effects_inner(map)
-    }
-
-    fn apply(self, recorder: &mut CommandRecorder) {
-        let cmd = recorder.cmd_buffer();
-        let dev = &cmd.device().raw;
-
-        let regions = &self
-            .src
-            .rows
+        let regions = self
+            .src_region
+            .regions()
             .iter()
-            .zip(self.dst.ranges.iter())
-            .map(|(src_row, dst_range)| {
+            .zip(self.dst_region.regions())
+            .map(|(src_region, dst_region)| {
                 vk::BufferImageCopy2::default()
-                    .buffer_offset(src_row.offset)
-                    .buffer_row_length(src_row.row_size)
-                    .buffer_image_height(src_row.row_count)
-                    .image_offset(dst_range.offset())
-                    .image_extent(dst_range.extent())
+                    .buffer_offset(src_region.offset)
+                    .buffer_row_length(src_region.row_size)
+                    .buffer_image_height(src_region.row_count)
+                    .image_offset(dst_region.offset)
+                    .image_extent(dst_region.extent)
                     .image_subresource(
                         vk::ImageSubresourceLayers::default()
-                            .aspect_mask(dst_range.aspect)
-                            .mip_level(dst_range.mip_levels.start())
-                            .base_array_layer(dst_range.array_layers.start())
-                            .layer_count(dst_range.array_layers.len()),
+                            .aspect_mask(dst_region.range.aspect)
+                            .mip_level(dst_region.range.mip_level)
+                            .base_array_layer(dst_region.range.array_layers.start())
+                            .layer_count(dst_region.range.array_layers.len()),
                     )
             })
-            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+            .collect::<Box<[_]>>();
 
         let info = vk::CopyBufferToImageInfo2::default()
             .src_buffer(recorder.get_buffer_handle(self.src.id()))
             .dst_image(recorder.get_image_handle(self.dst.id()))
             .dst_image_layout(recorder.get_image_layout(self.dst.id()))
-            .regions(regions);
+            .regions(&regions);
 
         unsafe {
             dev.cmd_copy_buffer_to_image2(cmd.raw(), &info);
@@ -162,107 +184,6 @@ impl Command for Copy<BufferRowSlices, TextureRegions> {
     }
 }
 
-impl Command for Copy<TextureRegion, BufferRowSlice> {
-    fn side_effects(&self, map: SideEffectMap) {
-        self.side_effects_inner(map)
-    }
-
-    fn apply(self, recorder: &mut CommandRecorder) {
-        let cmd = recorder.cmd_buffer();
-        let dev = &cmd.device().raw;
-
-        let regions = &[vk::BufferImageCopy2::default()
-            .buffer_offset(self.dst.row.offset)
-            .buffer_row_length(self.dst.row.row_size)
-            .buffer_image_height(self.dst.row.row_count)
-            .image_offset(self.src.range.offset())
-            .image_extent(self.src.range.extent())
-            .image_subresource(
-                vk::ImageSubresourceLayers::default()
-                    .aspect_mask(self.src.range.aspect)
-                    .mip_level(self.src.range.mip_levels.start())
-                    .base_array_layer(self.src.range.array_layers.start())
-                    .layer_count(self.src.range.array_layers.len()),
-            )];
-
-        let info = vk::CopyImageToBufferInfo2::default()
-            .dst_buffer(recorder.get_buffer_handle(self.dst.id()))
-            .src_image(recorder.get_image_handle(self.src.id()))
-            .src_image_layout(recorder.get_image_layout(self.src.id()))
-            .regions(regions);
-
-        unsafe {
-            dev.cmd_copy_image_to_buffer2(cmd.raw(), &info);
-        }
-    }
-}
-impl Command for Copy<TextureRegion, TextureRegion> {
-    fn side_effects(&self, map: SideEffectMap) {
-        self.side_effects_inner(map)
-    }
-
-    fn apply(self, recorder: &mut CommandRecorder) {
-        let cmd = recorder.cmd_buffer();
-        let dev = &cmd.device().raw;
-
-        let regions = &[vk::ImageCopy2::default()
-            .extent(self.src.range.extent())
-            .dst_offset(self.dst.range.offset())
-            .src_offset(self.src.range.offset())
-            .dst_subresource(
-                vk::ImageSubresourceLayers::default()
-                    .aspect_mask(self.dst.range.aspect)
-                    .mip_level(self.dst.range.mip_levels.start())
-                    .base_array_layer(self.dst.range.array_layers.start())
-                    .layer_count(self.dst.range.array_layers.len()),
-            )
-            .src_subresource(
-                vk::ImageSubresourceLayers::default()
-                    .aspect_mask(self.src.range.aspect)
-                    .mip_level(self.src.range.mip_levels.start())
-                    .base_array_layer(self.src.range.array_layers.start())
-                    .layer_count(self.src.range.array_layers.len()),
-            )];
-
-        let info = vk::CopyImageInfo2::default()
-            .dst_image(recorder.get_image_handle(self.dst.id()))
-            .dst_image_layout(recorder.get_image_layout(self.dst.id()))
-            .src_image(recorder.get_image_handle(self.src.id()))
-            .src_image_layout(recorder.get_image_layout(self.src.id()))
-            .regions(regions);
-
-        unsafe {
-            dev.cmd_copy_image2(cmd.raw(), &info);
-        }
-    }
-}
-impl Command for Copy<BufferSlice, BufferSlice> {
-    fn side_effects(&self, map: SideEffectMap) {
-        self.side_effects_inner(map)
-    }
-
-    fn apply(self, recorder: &mut CommandRecorder) {
-        let cmd = recorder.cmd_buffer();
-        let dev = &cmd.device().raw;
-
-        debug_assert_eq!(self.src.range.size, self.dst.range.size);
-
-        let regions = &[vk::BufferCopy2::default()
-            .dst_offset(self.dst.range.offset)
-            .src_offset(self.src.range.offset)
-            .size(self.src.range.size)];
-
-        let info = vk::CopyBufferInfo2::default()
-            .dst_buffer(recorder.get_buffer_handle(self.dst.id()))
-            .src_buffer(recorder.get_buffer_handle(self.src.id()))
-            .regions(regions);
-
-        unsafe {
-            dev.cmd_copy_buffer2(cmd.raw(), &info);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 pub struct ClearTexture {
     pub dst: Write<TextureRegion>,
     pub clear_value: [f32; 4],

crates/renderer/src/render_graph/graph_builder.rs

@@ -44,6 +44,24 @@ impl<'r> GraphBuilder<'r> {
         todo!()
     }
 
+    fn make_persistent_buffer(
+        &self,
+        _size: u64,
+        _usage: vk::BufferUsageFlags,
+        _location: gpu_allocator::MemoryLocation,
+    ) -> Buffer<'r> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn make_transient_buffer(
+        &self,
+        _size: u64,
+        _usage: vk::BufferUsageFlags,
+        _location: gpu_allocator::MemoryLocation,
+    ) -> Buffer<'r> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
     fn make_buffer(
         &self,
         _size: u64,

crates/renderer/src/render_graph/recorder.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use std::{
     collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet},
     marker::PhantomData,
-    mem::{MaybeUninit, size_of},
+    mem::{ManuallyDrop, MaybeUninit, size_of},
     ptr::NonNull,
 };
 
@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ use crate::{
     images::ImageDesc,
     render_graph::{
         commands::{Command, InsideRenderPass, OutsideRenderPass},
-        resources::{ResourceAccess, ResourceId, ResourceRange, TextureRegion},
+        resources::{
+            ResourceId, Subresource, SubresourceScope, SubresourceScopeInner, TextureRegion,
+        },
     },
 };
 
@@ -50,18 +52,27 @@ struct CommandMeta {
 
 enum VecOrSingle<T> {
     Vec(Vec<T>),
-    Single(T),
+    Single(ManuallyDrop<T>),
+}
+
+impl<T> From<T> for VecOrSingle<T> {
+    fn from(value: T) -> Self {
+        Self::Single(ManuallyDrop::new(value))
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> From<Vec<T>> for VecOrSingle<T> {
+    fn from(vec: Vec<T>) -> Self {
+        Self::Vec(vec)
+    }
 }
 
 impl<T> VecOrSingle<T> {
-    fn push(&mut self, value: T)
-    where
-        T: Default,
-    {
+    fn push(&mut self, value: T) {
         match self {
             VecOrSingle::Vec(vec) => vec.push(value),
             VecOrSingle::Single(existing) => {
-                let existing = std::mem::take(existing);
+                let existing = unsafe { ManuallyDrop::take(existing) };
                 *self = VecOrSingle::Vec(vec![existing, value]);
             }
         }
@@ -69,27 +80,27 @@ impl<T> VecOrSingle<T> {
     fn iter(&self) -> core::slice::Iter<'_, T> {
         match self {
             VecOrSingle::Vec(items) => items.as_slice().iter(),
-            VecOrSingle::Single(item) => core::slice::from_ref(item).iter(),
+            VecOrSingle::Single(item) => core::slice::from_ref::<T>(item).iter(),
         }
     }
 }
 
 #[derive(Default)]
 struct SideEffects {
-    map: BTreeMap<(ResourceId, u32), VecOrSingle<ResourceAccess>>,
+    map: BTreeMap<(ResourceId, u32), VecOrSingle<SubresourceScope>>,
     resources: BTreeSet<ResourceId>,
 }
 
 pub struct SideEffectMap<'a>(&'a mut SideEffects, u32);
 
 impl<'a> SideEffectMap<'a> {
-    pub fn insert(&mut self, id: ResourceId, access: ResourceAccess) {
+    pub fn insert(&mut self, id: ResourceId, scope: SubresourceScope) {
         self.0.resources.insert(id);
         self.0
             .map
             .entry((id, self.1))
-            .and_modify(|entry| entry.push(access))
-            .or_insert_with(|| VecOrSingle::Single(access));
+            .and_modify(|entry| entry.push(scope))
+            .or_insert_with(|| scope.into());
     }
 
     pub fn reborrow(&mut self) -> SideEffectMap<'_> {
@@ -132,18 +143,30 @@ impl<'a> SideEffectMap2<'a> {
     }
     pub fn insert_range<T>(&mut self, id: ResourceId, range: T)
     where
-        (T, vk::ImageLayout): Into<ResourceRange>,
+        T: Into<Subresource>,
     {
         self.inner.resources.insert(id);
 
-        SideEffectMap(self.inner, self.command_index).insert(
-            id,
-            ResourceAccess {
-                range: (range, self.required_layout.unwrap_or_default()).into(),
-                stages: self.stage_flags,
+        let subresource: Subresource = range.into();
+        let scope = match subresource {
+            Subresource::Buffer(buffer) => SubresourceScope {
                 access: self.access_flags,
+                stage: self.stage_flags,
+                subresource: SubresourceScopeInner::Buffer {
+                    subresource: buffer,
                 },
-        );
+            },
+            Subresource::Texture(texture) => SubresourceScope {
+                access: self.access_flags,
+                stage: self.stage_flags,
+                subresource: SubresourceScopeInner::Texture {
+                    subresource: texture,
+                    layout: self.required_layout.unwrap_or_default(),
+                },
+            },
+        };
+
+        SideEffectMap(self.inner, self.command_index).insert(id, scope);
     }
 }
 
@@ -258,12 +281,12 @@ impl<'cmd> CommandList<'cmd> {
         struct Barrier {
             resource_id: ResourceId,
             command_index: u32,
-            from: ResourceAccess,
+            from: SubresourceScope,
             to: usize,
         }
 
         // map to keep track of the current state of each subresource
-        let mut subresource_state: BTreeMap<ResourceId, Vec<(ResourceAccess, SubresourceState)>> =
+        let mut subresource_state: BTreeMap<ResourceId, Vec<(SubresourceScope, SubresourceState)>> =
             Default::default();
 
         let mut barriers = Vec::new();
@@ -293,7 +316,7 @@ impl<'cmd> CommandList<'cmd> {
                     let mut folded = false;
                     let len = entry.len();
                     for (_i, (sub, _state)) in &mut entry.iter_mut().enumerate().rev() {
-                        if !folded && sub.try_fold(&access) {
+                        if !folded && sub.try_merge(&access) {
                             access = *sub;
                             folded = true;
                         } else if sub.conflicts(&access) {

crates/renderer/src/render_graph/resources.rs

@@ -9,9 +9,174 @@ pub trait Resource: Sized {
     fn side_effect(&self, map: SideEffectMap2);
 }
 
+mod sealed {
+    pub trait Texture {
+        fn format(&self) -> vk::Format {
+            todo!()
+        }
+    }
+    pub trait Buffer {
+        fn size(&self) -> u64 {
+            todo!()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum Subresource {
+    Buffer(BufferRange),
+    Texture(TextureRange),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct SubresourceScope {
+    pub access: vk::AccessFlags2,
+    pub stage: vk::PipelineStageFlags2,
+    pub subresource: SubresourceScopeInner,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum SubresourceScopeInner {
+    Buffer {
+        subresource: BufferRange,
+    },
+    Texture {
+        subresource: TextureRange,
+        layout: vk::ImageLayout,
+    },
+}
+
+impl SubresourceScope {
+    pub fn try_merge(&mut self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        // cannot merge a read and a write.
+        if access_flag_is_read(self.access) != access_flag_is_read(other.access) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        use SubresourceScopeInner::*;
+        match (self.subresource, other.subresource) {
+            (Buffer { subresource: lhs }, Buffer { subresource: rhs }) => {
+                if lhs.offset > rhs.offset || lhs.offset + lhs.size < rhs.offset + rhs.size {
+                    // other is not a subresource of self, so we can't merge them.
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                self.stage |= other.stage;
+                self.access |= other.access;
+
+                true
+            }
+            (
+                Texture {
+                    subresource: lhs,
+                    layout: lhs_layout,
+                },
+                Texture {
+                    subresource: rhs,
+                    layout: rhs_layout,
+                },
+            ) => {
+                // layout transition required even on reads, so can't fold if layouts differ.
+                if lhs_layout != rhs_layout {
+                    // TODO: consider if we can still merge `other` into `self`
+                    // if they overlap, and reduce the second barrier to only a
+                    // layout transition.
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                // two accesses conflict if they overlap;
+                // they overlap if they share mip levels or array layers with
+                // the same aspects.
+                // If one access contains the other, we can merge them (i
+                // think), however: if a previous access requires a less general
+                // barrier, then is it better to split?
+
+                let overlaps = lhs.aspect.intersects(rhs.aspect)
+                    && lhs.mip_levels.intersects(rhs.mip_levels)
+                    && lhs.array_layers.intersects(rhs.array_layers);
+
+                // non-overlapping sub-resources shouldn't be merged.
+                if !overlaps {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                let lhs_contains_rhs = lhs.aspect.contains(rhs.aspect)
+                    && lhs.mip_levels.contains(rhs.mip_levels)
+                    && lhs.array_layers.contains(rhs.array_layers);
+
+                // other is not a subresource of self, so we can't merge them.
+                if !lhs_contains_rhs {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                self.stage |= other.stage;
+                self.access |= other.access;
+
+                true
+            }
+            // different resource types can't merge
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn conflicts(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        use SubresourceScopeInner::*;
+        match (self.subresource, other.subresource) {
+            (Buffer { subresource: lhs }, Buffer { subresource: rhs }) => {
+                // two reads don't conflict
+                if access_flag_is_read(self.access) && access_flag_is_read(other.access) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                // if they overlap, they conflict
+                !(lhs.offset > rhs.offset + rhs.size || rhs.offset > lhs.offset + lhs.size)
+            }
+            (
+                Texture {
+                    subresource: lhs,
+                    layout: lhs_layout,
+                },
+                Texture {
+                    subresource: rhs,
+                    layout: rhs_layout,
+                },
+            ) => {
+                // image subresource ranges overlap if they share mip levels and
+                // array layers with the same aspects.
+                let overlaps = lhs.aspect.intersects(rhs.aspect)
+                    && lhs.mip_levels.intersects(rhs.mip_levels)
+                    && lhs.array_layers.intersects(rhs.array_layers);
+
+                if !overlaps {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                // if they require different layouts, they conflict even on
+                // reads, since a layout transition is required.
+                if lhs_layout != rhs_layout {
+                    return true;
+                }
+
+                // finally, two reads don't conflict
+                access_flag_is_read(self.access) && access_flag_is_read(other.access)
+            }
+
+            // different resource types can't conflict
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 mod impls {
     use super::*;
 
+    impl sealed::Texture for Texture {}
+    impl sealed::Texture for TextureRegion {}
+    impl sealed::Texture for TextureView {}
+
+    impl sealed::Buffer for Buffer {}
+    impl sealed::Buffer for BufferSlice {}
+
     impl Resource for Buffer {
         fn id(&self) -> ResourceId {
             self.0
@@ -102,7 +267,7 @@ mod impls {
 
         fn side_effect(&self, mut map: SideEffectMap2) {
             for range in &self.ranges {
-                map.insert_range(self.id(), *range);
+                map.insert_range(self.id(), range.0);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -149,150 +314,6 @@ mod impls {
 #[repr(transparent)]
 pub struct ResourceId(pub u64);
 
-#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, Copy)]
-pub struct ResourceAccess {
-    pub range: ResourceRange,
-    pub access: vk::AccessFlags2,
-    pub stages: vk::PipelineStageFlags2,
-}
-
-impl ResourceAccess {
-    /// Attempts to fold another ResourceAccess into this one. Returns true if
-    /// successful, false if they are incompatible.
-    pub fn try_fold(&mut self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-        // if `other` has access flags that aren't in `self`, we can't fold
-        // them.
-        if !self.access.contains(other.access) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        match (&mut self.range, &other.range) {
-            (
-                ResourceRange::Buffer { offset, size },
-                ResourceRange::Buffer {
-                    offset: offset_b,
-                    size: size_b,
-                },
-            ) => {
-                // only fold if other lies within self
-                if *offset > *offset_b || *offset + *size < *offset_b + *size_b {
-                    return false;
-                }
-
-                // merge stages: we need the barrier to scope all stages that
-                // touch the resource.
-                self.stages |= other.stages;
-
-                true
-            }
-            (
-                ResourceRange::Texture {
-                    aspect,
-                    mip_level,
-                    array_layers,
-                    layout,
-                    ..
-                },
-                ResourceRange::Texture {
-                    aspect: aspect_b,
-                    mip_level: mip_level_b,
-                    array_layers: array_layers_b,
-                    layout: layout_b,
-                    ..
-                },
-            ) => {
-                // two accesses conflict if they overlap;
-                // they overlap if they share mip levels or array layers with
-                // the same aspects.
-                // If one access contains the other, we can merge them (i
-                // think), however: if a previous access requires a less general
-                // barrier, then is it better to split?
-                if !aspect.contains(*aspect_b)
-                    || layout != layout_b
-                    || !mip_level.intersects(mip_level_b)
-                    || !array_layers.intersects(array_layers_b)
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-
-                *aspect = *aspect | *aspect_b;
-                *mip_level = mip_level.union(mip_level_b);
-                *array_layers = array_layers.union(array_layers_b);
-                // let lower_left = Offset::from(*origin).min(Offset::from(*origin_b));
-                // let upper_right = (Offset::from(*origin) + Extent::from(*extent).as_offset())
-                //     .max(Offset::from(*origin_b) + Extent::from(*extent_b).as_offset());
-                // *origin = lower_left.into();
-                // *extent = Extent::from_offset(upper_right - lower_left).into();
-
-                // merge stages: we need the barrier to scope all stages that
-                // touch the resource.
-                self.stages |= other.stages;
-
-                true
-            }
-            // different resource types can't fold
-            _ => false,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn conflicts(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-        match (&self.range, &other.range) {
-            (ResourceRange::Buffer { .. }, ResourceRange::Texture { .. }) => false,
-            (ResourceRange::Texture { .. }, ResourceRange::Buffer { .. }) => false,
-            (
-                ResourceRange::Buffer { offset, size },
-                ResourceRange::Buffer {
-                    offset: offset_b,
-                    size: size_b,
-                },
-            ) => {
-                // two reads don't conflict
-                // TODO: two writes may conflict if the user cares about the order of writes.
-                if access_flag_is_read(self.access) == access_flag_is_read(other.access) {
-                    return false;
-                }
-
-                // must be a read/write conflict, check if sub-resources intersect
-                !(*offset > *offset_b + *size_b || *offset_b > *offset + *size)
-            }
-            (
-                ResourceRange::Texture {
-                    aspect,
-                    mip_level,
-                    array_layers,
-                    layout,
-                    ..
-                },
-                ResourceRange::Texture {
-                    aspect: aspect_b,
-                    mip_level: mip_level_b,
-                    array_layers: array_layers_b,
-                    layout: layout_b,
-                    ..
-                },
-            ) => {
-                //  check if sub-resources intersect
-                let overlaps = aspect.intersects(*aspect_b)
-                    && (mip_level.intersects(mip_level_b)
-                        || array_layers.intersects(array_layers_b));
-
-                // non-overlapping sub-resources never conflict
-                if !overlaps {
-                    return false;
-                }
-
-                // layout transition required even on reads
-                if layout != layout_b {
-                    return true;
-                }
-
-                // two reads don't conflict
-                access_flag_is_read(self.access) != access_flag_is_read(other.access)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 pub enum ResourceRange {
     Buffer {
@@ -303,8 +324,6 @@ pub enum ResourceRange {
         aspect: vk::ImageAspectFlags,
         mip_level: MipRange,
         array_layers: MipRange,
-        origin: (i32, i32, i32),
-        extent: (u32, u32, u32),
         layout: vk::ImageLayout,
     },
 }
@@ -341,28 +360,67 @@ pub struct BufferRows {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, Copy)]
+#[repr(C)]
 pub struct TextureRange {
     pub aspect: vk::ImageAspectFlags,
     pub mip_levels: MipRange,
     pub array_layers: MipRange,
-    pub origin: (i32, i32, i32),
-    pub extent: (u32, u32, u32),
 }
 
-impl TextureRange {
-    pub fn offset(&self) -> vk::Offset3D {
-        vk::Offset3D {
-            x: self.origin.0,
-            y: self.origin.1,
-            z: self.origin.2,
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, Copy)]
+#[repr(C)]
+pub struct TextureLayers {
+    pub aspect: vk::ImageAspectFlags,
+    pub mip_level: u32,
+    pub array_layers: MipRange,
+}
+
+impl From<TextureLayers> for vk::ImageSubresourceLayers {
+    fn from(value: TextureLayers) -> Self {
+        vk::ImageSubresourceLayers {
+            aspect_mask: value.aspect,
+            mip_level: value.mip_level,
+            base_array_layer: value.array_layers.start,
+            layer_count: value.array_layers.end - value.array_layers.start,
         }
     }
-    pub fn extent(&self) -> vk::Extent3D {
-        vk::Extent3D {
-            width: self.extent.0,
-            height: self.extent.1,
-            depth: self.extent.2,
 }
+
+impl From<TextureRange> for vk::ImageSubresourceRange {
+    fn from(value: TextureRange) -> Self {
+        vk::ImageSubresourceRange {
+            aspect_mask: value.aspect,
+            base_mip_level: value.mip_levels.start,
+            level_count: value.mip_levels.end - value.mip_levels.start,
+            base_array_layer: value.array_layers.start,
+            layer_count: value.array_layers.end - value.array_layers.start,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<TextureLayers> for TextureRange {
+    fn from(value: TextureLayers) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            aspect: value.aspect,
+            mip_levels: MipRange::single(value.mip_level),
+            array_layers: value.array_layers,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<TextureLayers> for Subresource {
+    fn from(value: TextureLayers) -> Self {
+        Subresource::Texture(TextureRange {
+            aspect: value.aspect,
+            mip_levels: MipRange::single(value.mip_level),
+            array_layers: value.array_layers,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<TextureRange> for Subresource {
+    fn from(value: TextureRange) -> Self {
+        Subresource::Texture(value)
     }
 }
 
@@ -381,8 +439,6 @@ impl From<(TextureRange, vk::ImageLayout)> for ResourceRange {
             aspect: value.aspect,
             mip_level: value.mip_levels,
             array_layers: value.array_layers,
-            origin: value.origin,
-            extent: value.extent,
             layout,
         }
     }
@@ -405,8 +461,6 @@ impl TextureRange {
                 | vk::ImageAspectFlags::STENCIL,
             mip_levels: MipRange::default(),
             array_layers: MipRange::default(),
-            origin: (0, 0, 0),
-            extent: (u32::MAX, u32::MAX, u32::MAX),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -448,13 +502,9 @@ pub struct BufferRowSlices {
 }
 
 pub struct TextureRegion {
-    pub texture: Texture,
-    pub range: TextureRange,
-}
-
-pub struct TextureRegions {
-    pub texture: Texture,
-    pub ranges: Vec<TextureRange>,
+    pub range: TextureLayers,
+    pub offset: vk::Offset3D,
+    pub extent: vk::Extent3D,
 }
 
 pub struct TextureView {