idk?

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 /.direnv/
 lang/target
+lang/libcompiler/target
+/target/

Cargo.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
+# It is not intended for manual editing.
+version = 4
+
+[[package]]
+name = "cc"
+version = "1.2.44"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "37521ac7aabe3d13122dc382493e20c9416f299d2ccd5b3a5340a2570cdeb0f3"
+dependencies = [
+ "find-msvc-tools",
+ "shlex",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "find-msvc-tools"
+version = "0.1.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "52051878f80a721bb68ebfbc930e07b65ba72f2da88968ea5c06fd6ca3d3a127"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "libcompiler"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "cc",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "shlex"
+version = "1.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0fda2ff0d084019ba4d7c6f371c95d8fd75ce3524c3cb8fb653a3023f6323e64"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "typeck"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "libcompiler",
+]

Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[workspace]
+resolver = "3"
+
+members = [
+    "lang/libcompiler",
+    "lang/typeck",
+]

lang/libcompiler/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "libcompiler"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[dependencies]
+
+[build-dependencies]
+cc = "1.0"

lang/libcompiler/build.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+use std::path::Path;
+
+fn main() {
+    let out_dir = std::env::var_os("OUT_DIR").unwrap();
+    let out_dir = Path::new(&out_dir);
+    let manifest_dir = std::env::var_os("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR").unwrap();
+    let manifest_dir = Path::new(&manifest_dir);
+
+    let assembly_files = [
+        "src/alloc.asm",
+        "src/ast.asm",
+        "src/codegen.asm",
+        "src/vec.asm",
+        "src/tokeniser.asm",
+        "src/lib.asm",
+        "src/int_to_str.asm",
+        "src/file.asm",
+    ];
+
+    let include_files = ["src/tokeniser.inc", "src/ast.inc"];
+
+    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=build.rs");
+    for file in assembly_files.iter().chain(include_files.iter()) {
+        println!(
+            "cargo:rerun-if-changed={}/{}",
+            manifest_dir.parent().unwrap().display(),
+            file
+        );
+    }
+
+    println!("cargo:rustc-link-search=native={}", out_dir.display());
+    let working_dir = manifest_dir.parent().unwrap();
+    for file in assembly_files.iter().map(|f| Path::new(f)) {
+        let path = working_dir.join(file);
+        let obj = file.with_extension("o").file_name().unwrap().to_owned();
+        let lib = format!("lib{}.a", file.file_stem().unwrap().to_str().unwrap());
+        std::process::Command::new("nasm")
+            .current_dir(working_dir)
+            .arg(path)
+            .arg("-g")
+            .arg("-f")
+            .arg("elf64")
+            .arg("-o")
+            .arg(out_dir.join(&obj))
+            .status()
+            .expect("Failed to assemble assembly files");
+        std::process::Command::new("ar")
+            .current_dir(working_dir)
+            .arg("crs")
+            .arg(out_dir.join(lib))
+            .arg(out_dir.join(obj))
+            .status()
+            .expect("Failed to create static library from object files");
+        println!(
+            "cargo:rustc-link-lib=static={}",
+            file.file_stem().unwrap().to_str().unwrap()
+        );
+    }
+
+
+    std::process::Command::new("../tools/asm2rust")
+        .current_dir(working_dir)
+        .args(&assembly_files)
+        .args(&include_files)
+        .arg("-o")
+        .arg(out_dir
+        .join("bindings.rs")
+)
+        .status().expect("Failed to generate Rust bindings from assembly files");
+}

lang/libcompiler/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,612 @@
+#![feature(debug_closure_helpers)]
+
+pub mod ffi {
+    #![allow(
+        non_camel_case_types,
+        dead_code,
+        non_upper_case_globals,
+        improper_ctypes
+    )]
+
+    include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/bindings.rs"));
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct FFISlice {
+    pub ptr: *const u8,
+    pub len: usize,
+}
+
+#[repr(transparent)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct MaybeFFISlice {
+    inner: FFISlice,
+}
+
+impl MaybeFFISlice {
+    pub fn is_none(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.ptr.is_null()
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_option(self) -> Option<FFISlice> {
+        if self.is_none() {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(self.inner)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl FFISlice {
+    /// # Safety
+    /// The caller must ensure that the slice is valid for type T.
+    pub unsafe fn as_slice<T: Sized>(&self) -> &[T] {
+        // SAFETY: The caller ensures that the FFISlice is valid for type T.
+        unsafe { core::slice::from_raw_parts(self.ptr.cast(), self.len) }
+    }
+    pub fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        // SAFETY: The FFISlice is guaranteed to be a valid byte slice.
+        unsafe { core::slice::from_raw_parts(self.ptr, self.len) }
+    }
+    /// # Safety
+    /// The caller must ensure that the slice is a valid utf8 string.
+    pub unsafe fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
+        // SAFETY: The caller ensures that the FFISlice is a valid utf8 string.
+        unsafe { core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(self.as_bytes()) }
+    }
+}
+
+pub mod vec {
+    #![allow(dead_code)]
+
+    impl Default for BlobVec {
+        fn default() -> Self {
+            Self {
+                data: core::ptr::null_mut(),
+                len: 0,
+                cap: 0,
+                elem_size: 0,
+                drop: None,
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    unsafe impl Send for BlobVec {}
+    unsafe impl Sync for BlobVec {}
+
+    use super::ffi::*;
+
+    #[repr(transparent)]
+    #[derive(Debug)]
+    pub struct Vec<T> {
+        pub vec: BlobVec,
+        _marker: core::marker::PhantomData<T>,
+    }
+
+    impl<T> Default for Vec<T> {
+        fn default() -> Self {
+            Self::new()
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl<T> Drop for Vec<T> {
+        fn drop(&mut self) {
+            // SAFETY: The vec is valid and owned by self.
+            unsafe {
+                vec_drop(&mut self.vec);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl<T> Vec<T> {
+        pub fn new() -> Self {
+            Self::new_with(32)
+        }
+
+        pub fn new_with(capacity: usize) -> Self {
+            let mut vec = BlobVec {
+                data: core::ptr::null_mut(),
+                len: 0,
+                cap: 0,
+                elem_size: 0,
+                drop: None,
+            };
+
+            unsafe extern "C" fn drop_fn<T>(ptr: *mut ()) {
+                unsafe {
+                    core::ptr::drop_in_place::<T>(ptr as *mut T);
+                }
+            }
+
+            unsafe {
+                vec_init_with(
+                    &mut vec,
+                    core::mem::size_of::<T>(),
+                    Some(drop_fn::<T>),
+                    capacity,
+                );
+            }
+
+            Self {
+                vec,
+                _marker: core::marker::PhantomData,
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn as_slice(&self) -> &[T] {
+            assert_eq!(self.vec.elem_size, core::mem::size_of::<T>());
+            unsafe { core::slice::from_raw_parts(self.vec.data as *const T, self.vec.len) }
+        }
+
+        pub fn as_slice_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [T] {
+            assert_eq!(self.vec.elem_size, core::mem::size_of::<T>());
+            unsafe { core::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(self.vec.data as *mut T, self.vec.len) }
+        }
+
+        pub fn extend(&mut self, elements: Box<[T]>) {
+            unsafe {
+                let elements =
+                    core::mem::transmute::<Box<[T]>, Box<[core::mem::ManuallyDrop<T>]>>(elements);
+                vec_extend(&mut self.vec, elements.as_ptr() as *const _, elements.len());
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn push(&mut self, value: T) {
+            let value = core::mem::ManuallyDrop::new(value);
+            unsafe {
+                vec_push(&mut self.vec, &raw const value as *const T as *const _);
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn insert(&mut self, value: T, index: usize) {
+            if index > self.vec.len {
+                return;
+            }
+            let value = core::mem::ManuallyDrop::new(value);
+            unsafe {
+                vec_insert(
+                    &mut self.vec,
+                    index,
+                    &raw const value as *const T as *const _,
+                );
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn insert_many(&mut self, index: usize, elements: Box<[T]>) {
+            unsafe {
+                let elements =
+                    core::mem::transmute::<Box<[T]>, Box<[core::mem::ManuallyDrop<T>]>>(elements);
+                vec_insert_many(
+                    &mut self.vec,
+                    index,
+                    elements.as_ptr() as *const _,
+                    elements.len(),
+                );
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn pop(&mut self) -> Option<T> {
+            if self.vec.len == 0 {
+                return None;
+            }
+            unsafe {
+                let ptr = vec_get(&mut self.vec, self.vec.len - 1) as *mut T;
+                let value = ptr.read();
+                vec_pop(&mut self.vec);
+                Some(value)
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn get(&self, index: usize) -> Option<&T> {
+            if index >= self.vec.len {
+                return None;
+            }
+            unsafe {
+                let ptr = vec_get(&raw const self.vec as *mut _, index) as *mut T;
+                Some(&*ptr)
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn get_mut(&mut self, index: usize) -> Option<&mut T> {
+            if index >= self.vec.len {
+                return None;
+            }
+            unsafe {
+                let ptr = vec_get(&raw mut self.vec, index) as *mut T;
+                Some(&mut *ptr)
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn remove(&mut self, index: usize) {
+            if index >= self.vec.len {
+                return;
+            }
+            unsafe {
+                vec_remove(&mut self.vec, index);
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
+            self.vec.len
+        }
+
+        pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+            self.vec.len == 0
+        }
+
+        pub fn position<F>(&self, elem: &T, mut cmp: F) -> Option<usize>
+        where
+            F: FnMut(&T, &T) -> bool,
+        {
+            extern "C" fn cmp_trampoline<T, F: FnMut(&T, &T) -> bool>(
+                f: *const (),
+                a: *const (),
+                b: *const (),
+            ) -> bool {
+                let f = unsafe { &mut *(f as *mut F) };
+                let a = unsafe { &*(a as *const T) };
+                let b = unsafe { &*(b as *const T) };
+                f(a, b)
+            }
+
+            unsafe {
+                let index = vec_find(
+                    &raw const self.vec as *mut _,
+                    elem as *const T as *const _,
+                    cmp_trampoline::<T, F>,
+                    &raw mut cmp as *mut (),
+                );
+                if index == usize::MAX {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(index)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn binary_search_by<F>(&self, elem: &T, mut cmp: F) -> Result<usize, usize>
+        where
+            F: FnMut(&T, &T) -> i32,
+        {
+            extern "C" fn cmp_trampoline<T, F: FnMut(&T, &T) -> i32>(
+                f: *const (),
+                a: *const (),
+                b: *const (),
+            ) -> i32 {
+                let f = unsafe { &mut *(f as *mut F) };
+                let a = unsafe { &*(a as *const T) };
+                let b = unsafe { &*(b as *const T) };
+                f(a, b)
+            }
+
+            unsafe {
+                let (index, vacant) = vec_binary_search_by(
+                    &raw const self.vec as *mut _,
+                    elem as *const T as *const _,
+                    cmp_trampoline::<T, F>,
+                    &raw mut cmp as *mut (),
+                );
+                if vacant { Err(index) } else { Ok(index) }
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn insert_sorted<F>(&mut self, elem: T, mut cmp: F) -> Result<usize, usize>
+        where
+            F: FnMut(&T, &T) -> i32,
+        {
+            extern "C" fn cmp_trampoline<T, F: FnMut(&T, &T) -> i32>(
+                f: *const (),
+                a: *const (),
+                b: *const (),
+            ) -> i32 {
+                let f = unsafe { &mut *(f as *mut F) };
+                let a = unsafe { &*(a as *const T) };
+                let b = unsafe { &*(b as *const T) };
+                f(a, b)
+            }
+
+            let mut elem = core::mem::ManuallyDrop::new(elem);
+
+            unsafe {
+                let (index, _inserted) = vec_insert_sorted(
+                    &raw const self.vec as *mut _,
+                    &raw mut elem as *const _,
+                    cmp_trampoline::<T, F>,
+                    &raw mut cmp as *mut (),
+                );
+                Ok(index)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+mod display {
+    use super::ffi::{self, Ast, AstNode};
+
+    impl core::fmt::Display for AstNode {
+        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
+            use crate::ffi::{
+                AST_ADDRESS_OF, AST_ARG, AST_AS, AST_ASSIGNMENT, AST_BINARY_OP, AST_BLOCK,
+                AST_CALL, AST_DEREF, AST_FUNCTION, AST_IF, AST_NUMBER, AST_PLACE_TO_VALUE,
+                AST_RETURN_STATEMENT, AST_VALUE_TO_PLACE, AST_VAR_DECL, AST_VAR_REF, BinaryExpr,
+            };
+            match self.kind {
+                AST_NUMBER => {
+                    write!(f, "Number({})", self.data as usize)
+                }
+                AST_DEREF => {
+                    write!(f, "Deref(expr: {})", self.data as usize)
+                }
+                AST_ADDRESS_OF => {
+                    write!(f, "AddressOf(expr: {})", self.data as usize)
+                }
+                AST_CALL => {
+                    let call = unsafe { self.data.cast::<crate::ffi::AstCallExpr>().read() };
+                    write!(f, "Call(callee: {}, params: {:?})", call.callee, unsafe {
+                        std::slice::from_raw_parts(call.params.cast::<u64>(), call.params_len)
+                    },)
+                }
+                AST_AS => {
+                    let as_expr = unsafe { self.data.cast::<crate::ffi::AstAsExpr>().read() };
+                    write!(f, "As(expr: {}, target_type: {})", as_expr.expr, as_expr.ty)
+                }
+                AST_ARG => {
+                    let arg = unsafe { self.data.cast::<crate::ffi::AstArgument>().read() };
+                    write!(
+                        f,
+                        "Arg(name: {:?}, arg_type: {})",
+                        unsafe {
+                            std::str::from_utf8(std::slice::from_raw_parts(arg.name, arg.name_len))
+                        },
+                        arg.arg_type,
+                    )
+                }
+                AST_VAR_REF => {
+                    let var_ref = unsafe { self.data.cast::<crate::ffi::AstVarRef>().read() };
+                    if var_ref.resolved != u64::MAX {
+                        write!(f, "VarRef({})", var_ref.resolved)
+                    } else {
+                        write!(f, "VarRef(name: {:?})", unsafe {
+                            std::str::from_utf8(std::slice::from_raw_parts(
+                                var_ref.name,
+                                var_ref.name_len,
+                            ))
+                        },)
+                    }
+                }
+                AST_VAR_DECL => {
+                    let var_decl = unsafe { self.data.cast::<crate::ffi::AstVarDecl>().read() };
+                    write!(
+                        f,
+                        "VarDecl(name: {:?}, var_type: {})",
+                        unsafe {
+                            std::str::from_utf8(std::slice::from_raw_parts(
+                                var_decl.name,
+                                var_decl.name_len,
+                            ))
+                        },
+                        var_decl.var_type,
+                    )
+                }
+                AST_ASSIGNMENT => {
+                    write!(
+                        f,
+                        "Assignment(dest: {}, src: {})",
+                        self.data as usize, self.extra
+                    )
+                }
+                AST_BINARY_OP => {
+                    let BinaryExpr {
+                        left,
+                        operator,
+                        right,
+                    } = unsafe { self.data.cast::<crate::ffi::BinaryExpr>().read() };
+                    write!(
+                        f,
+                        "BinaryOp(op: {}, left: {}, right: {})",
+                        operator, left, right
+                    )
+                }
+                AST_RETURN_STATEMENT => {
+                    let return_expr_id = self.data as usize;
+                    write!(f, "ReturnStatement(expr: {})", return_expr_id)
+                }
+                AST_FUNCTION => {
+                    let func = unsafe { self.data.cast::<crate::ffi::AstFunction>().read() };
+                    write!(
+                        f,
+                        "Function(name: {:?}, args: {:?}, return_type: {}, body: {})",
+                        unsafe {
+                            std::str::from_utf8(std::slice::from_raw_parts(
+                                func.name,
+                                func.name_len,
+                            ))
+                        },
+                        unsafe {
+                            std::slice::from_raw_parts(func.args.cast::<u64>(), func.args_len)
+                        },
+                        func.return_type,
+                        func.body
+                    )
+                }
+                AST_BLOCK => {
+                    write!(f, "Block(statements: {:?})", unsafe {
+                        std::slice::from_raw_parts(self.data.cast::<u64>(), self.extra)
+                    })
+                }
+                AST_IF => {
+                    let if_node = unsafe { self.data.cast::<crate::ffi::AstIfExpr>().read() };
+                    write!(
+                        f,
+                        "If(cond: {}, then_branch: {}, else_branch: {:?})",
+                        if_node.condition,
+                        if_node.then,
+                        match if_node.else_ {
+                            u64::MAX => None,
+                            v => Some(v),
+                        }
+                    )
+                }
+                AST_PLACE_TO_VALUE => {
+                    write!(f, "PlaceToValue(place: {})", self.data as usize)
+                }
+                AST_VALUE_TO_PLACE => {
+                    write!(f, "ValueToPlace(value: {})", self.data as usize)
+                }
+                kind => write!(f, "UnknownNode(kind: {kind})"),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl core::fmt::Display for Ast {
+        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
+            writeln!(f, "[")?;
+            for (i, item) in self.nodes.as_slice().iter().enumerate() {
+                if i > 0 {
+                    writeln!(f, ", ")?;
+                }
+                write!(f, "\t{i}: {}", item)?;
+            }
+            write!(f, "\n]")
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl core::fmt::Display for ffi::SymEntry {
+        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
+            f.debug_struct("SymEntry")
+                .field_with("key", |f| {
+                    f.debug_struct("Key")
+                        .field_with("kind", |f| {
+                            f.write_str(match self.key.kind {
+                                ffi::SYM_KEY_SCOPE => "Scope",
+                                ffi::SYM_KEY_SCOPE_NAME => "ScopeName",
+                                ffi::SYM_KEY_PARENT_SCOPE => "ParentScope",
+                                ffi::SYM_KEY_ARG => "Argument",
+                                ffi::SYM_KEY_VAR => "Variable",
+                                ffi::SYM_KEY_FUNCTION => "Function",
+                                _ => "Unknown",
+                            })
+                        })
+                        .field("scope", &self.key.scope_index)
+                        .field("span", &self.key.span)
+                        .field_with("ident", |f| {
+                            f.write_str(unsafe {
+                                core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(core::slice::from_raw_parts(
+                                    self.key.ident,
+                                    self.key.ident_len,
+                                ))
+                            })
+                        })
+                        .finish()
+                })
+                .field_with("value", |f| {
+                    let stct = &mut f.debug_struct("Value");
+                    if self.extra == 0 {
+                        stct.field("ast_index", &self.index).finish()
+                    } else if self.index != 0 {
+                        stct.field_with("ident", |f| {
+                            f.write_str(unsafe {
+                                core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(core::slice::from_raw_parts(
+                                    self.index as *const u8,
+                                    self.extra as usize,
+                                ))
+                            })
+                        })
+                        .finish()
+                    } else {
+                        stct.field("index", &self.index)
+                            .field("extra", &self.extra)
+                            .finish()
+                    }
+                })
+                .finish()
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl core::fmt::Display for ffi::Type {
+        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
+            use ffi::{
+                TYPE_BOOL, TYPE_F32, TYPE_F64, TYPE_I8, TYPE_I16, TYPE_I32, TYPE_I64, TYPE_ISIZE,
+                TYPE_POINTER, TYPE_STR, TYPE_U8, TYPE_U16, TYPE_U32, TYPE_U64, TYPE_USIZE,
+                TYPE_VOID,
+            };
+            match self.kind {
+                TYPE_VOID => {
+                    write!(f, "void")
+                }
+                TYPE_BOOL => {
+                    write!(f, "bool")
+                }
+                TYPE_I32 => {
+                    write!(f, "i32")
+                }
+                TYPE_U32 => {
+                    write!(f, "u32")
+                }
+                TYPE_STR => {
+                    write!(f, "str")
+                }
+                TYPE_POINTER => {
+                    let pointee = unsafe { (self.data as *const ffi::Type).read() };
+                    write!(f, "*{pointee}",)
+                }
+                TYPE_I8 => {
+                    write!(f, "i8")
+                }
+                TYPE_U8 => {
+                    write!(f, "u8")
+                }
+                TYPE_I16 => {
+                    write!(f, "i16")
+                }
+                TYPE_U16 => {
+                    write!(f, "u16")
+                }
+                TYPE_I64 => {
+                    write!(f, "i64")
+                }
+                TYPE_U64 => {
+                    write!(f, "u64")
+                }
+                TYPE_F32 => {
+                    write!(f, "f32")
+                }
+                TYPE_F64 => {
+                    write!(f, "f64")
+                }
+                TYPE_USIZE => {
+                    write!(f, "usize")
+                }
+                TYPE_ISIZE => {
+                    write!(f, "isize")
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    write!(f, "UnknownType")
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[repr(transparent)]
+    pub struct Displayed<T: core::fmt::Display>(pub T);
+    impl<T: core::fmt::Display> core::fmt::Debug for Displayed<T> {
+        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
+            write!(f, "{}", self.0)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub trait DisplayedSliceExt {
+        type Displayed: core::fmt::Debug;
+        fn displayed(self) -> Self::Displayed;
+    }
+
+    impl<'a, T: core::fmt::Display> DisplayedSliceExt for &'a [T] {
+        type Displayed = &'a [Displayed<T>];
+        fn displayed(self) -> Self::Displayed {
+            unsafe { core::mem::transmute(self) }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub use display::{Displayed, DisplayedSliceExt};

lang/src/alloc.asm

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ extern allocate
 extern vec_init
 extern vec_push
 extern vec_get
+extern vec_try_grow_with
 
 
 global bump_init
@@ -29,14 +30,21 @@ mmap_alloc:
     pop rbp
     ret
 
+;; define-fn: fn bump_init()
 bump_init:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
 
-    lea rdi, [rel free_list]
-    mov rsi, 16
-    mov rdx, 0
-    call vec_init
+    mov rdi, 0x1000
+    call mmap_alloc
+    lea rdx, [rel free_list]
+    mov [rdx], rax
+    mov qword [rdx + 8], 0    ; size 0
+    mov rax, 0x1000
+    shr rax, 4                  ; capacity in blocks of 16 bytes
+    mov qword [rdx + 16], rax   ; capacity
+    mov qword [rdx + 24], 16    ; elem_size = 16
+    mov qword [rdx + 32], 0     ; drop = None
 
     pop rbp
     ret
@@ -50,6 +58,20 @@ bump_new_block:
     ja .mmap
     mov rdi, 4096
 .mmap:
+
+    push rdi
+
+    lea rdi, [rel free_list]
+    mov rsi, [rdi + 8]
+    mov rax, rsi
+    shr rax, 1
+    add rax, 1
+    add rsi, rax
+    mov rdx, mmap_alloc
+    call vec_try_grow_with
+
+    pop rdi
+
     ; next power of 2
     lea rax, [rdi - 1]
     lzcnt rax, rax
@@ -75,8 +97,38 @@ bump_new_block:
     pop rbp
     ret
 
+;; rdi: num
+;; rsi: multiple
+next_multiple_of:
+    test rsi, rsi
+    je .l1
+    mov rax, rdi
+    or rax, rsi
+    shr rax, 32
+    je .l2
+    mov rax, rdi
+    xor edx, edx
+    div rsi
+    jmp .l3
+.l2:
+    mov eax, edi
+    xor edx, edx
+    div esi
+.l3:
+    sub rsi, rdx
+    test rdx, rdx
+    cmove rsi, rdx
+    add rsi, rdi
+    mov rax, rsi
+    ret
+.l1:
+    mov rax, rdi
+    ret
+    
+
 ;; rdi: number of bytes to allocate
 ;; rsi: alignment
+;; define-fn:  fn bump_alloc(size: usize, alignment: usize) -> *mut u8
 bump_alloc:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -104,25 +156,21 @@ bump_alloc:
 
     ; check for space
     ; block_ptr.next_multiple_of(alignment) + size <= block_ptr + block_size
-    mov rcx, [rsp + 8]    ; alignment
-    ; let ptr = block_ptr | alignment
-    or rax, rcx                 ; align up
-    xor rdx, rdx                ; clear high qword
-    ; let rem = ptr % alignment
-    div rcx
-    ; let diff = alignment - rem
-    sub rcx, rdx
-    mov rax, [rsp + 16]          ; block+ptr
-    ; let aligned_ptr = block_ptr + diff
-    add rax, rcx
-    ; let aligned_end = aligned_ptr + size
-    add rax, [rsp]              ; size
-    ; let block_end = block_ptr + block_size
-    mov rdx, [rsp + 16]         ; block_ptr
-    add rdx, [rsp + 24]         ; block_ptr + block_size
-    ; if aligned_end <= block_end
-    cmp rax, rdx
+    mov rdi, rdx
+    mov rsi, [rsp + 8]          ; alignment
+    call next_multiple_of
+    ; rax = aligned_ptr
+
+    mov rdx, rax
+    add rdx, qword [rsp]        ; ptr + size
+    ; rdx = new_end
+
+    mov rcx, [rsp + 16]         ; block_ptr
+    add rcx, [rsp + 24]         ; block_size
+
+    cmp rdx, rcx
     jle .found_space
+
     ; else try next block
     inc r13
     jmp .alloc_loop
@@ -136,13 +184,17 @@ bump_alloc:
     dec r13
     jmp .alloc_loop
 .found_space:
-    sub rdx, rax                ; remaining size in block
-    mov r13, [rsp + 32]         ; block entry ptr
-    mov [r13], rax
-    mov rax, [rsp + 24]         ; block_size
-    sub rax, rdx
-    mov [r13 + 8], rax
-    mov rax, [r13]
+    mov r12, [rsp + 32]         ; block entry ptr
+    mov rcx, [r12]              ; block_ptr
+    mov [r12], rdx              ; update block_ptr
+
+    ; new_end - old_ptr
+    sub rdx, rcx
+
+    mov rcx, [r12 + 8]          ; block_size
+    sub rcx, rdx
+    mov [r12 + 8], rcx
+
     add rsp, 0x28
     pop r13
     pop r12

lang/src/ast.asm

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ global parse_expr
 global parse_binary_expr
 global parse_primary_expr
 global parse_if_expr
+global parse_postfix_expr
 global parse_statement
 global parse_block
 global ast_build_symtable
@@ -314,6 +315,191 @@ parse_number:
 .panic:
     call panic
 
+;; rdi: *mut Ast
+;; define-fn: fn parse_as_expr(ast: *mut Ast) -> (u64, bool)
+parse_as_expr:
+    push rbp
+    mov rbp, rsp
+
+    ; start-structs
+    ; struct AstAsExpr {
+    ;   expr: u64,
+    ;   ty: Type,
+    ; }
+    ; end-structs
+
+    ; Type [32..48]
+    ; prefix_expr [16..32]
+    ; span [8..16]
+    ; ast [0..8]
+    sub rsp, 48
+    mov [rsp], rdi              ; Ast
+    call parse_prefix_expr
+    mov [rsp + 16], rax         ; prefix_expr
+    mov [rsp + 24], rdx         ; placeness
+
+    call tokeniser_get_cursor
+    mov [rsp + 8], rax          ; span
+
+    mov dil, TOKEN_AS
+    call expect_token
+    test rax, rax
+    jz .done
+
+    ; convert prefix_expr to value
+.as_expr:
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; Ast
+    mov rsi, [rsp + 16]          ; prefix_expr
+    mov dl, [rsp + 24]          ; placeness
+    call ast_place_to_value
+    mov [rsp + 24], rax         ; AstAsExpr.expr
+
+    ; parse type
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; Ast
+    call parse_type
+    mov [rsp + 32], rax         ; AstAsExpr.Type.kind
+    mov [rsp + 40], rdx         ; AstAsExpr.Type.data
+
+    mov rdi, 16                 ; size_of::<AstAsExpr>
+    mov rsi, 8                  ; align_of::<AstAsExpr>
+    call bump_alloc
+    mov rdi, rax                ; dst
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 24]         ; &AstAsExpr
+    mov rdx, 16                 ; size_of::<AstAsExpr>
+    call memcpy
+
+    mov qword [rsp + 16], AST_AS ; AstNode.kind
+    mov [rsp + 24], rdi          ; AstNode.data
+    mov qword [rsp + 32], 0      ; AstNode.extra
+    mov rdi, [rsp + 8]           ; span
+    mov [rsp + 40], rdi          ; AstNode.span
+
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; Ast
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 16]         ; &AstNode
+    call vec_push
+    ; rax = index of pushed node
+    mov rdx, 0                  ; placeness = false
+    jmp .epilogue
+
+.done:
+    mov rax, [rsp + 16]          ; prefix_expr
+    mov rdx, [rsp + 24]         ; placeness
+.epilogue:
+    add rsp, 48
+    pop rbp
+    ret
+
+;; rdi: *mut Ast
+;; define-fn: fn parse_postfix_expr(ast: *mut Ast) -> (u64, bool)
+parse_postfix_expr:
+    push rbp
+    mov rbp, rsp
+    push rbx
+
+    ; scratch [64..80]
+    ; params: Vec [24..64]
+    ; expr [16..24]
+    ; span: u64 [8..16]
+    ; ast [0..8]
+    sub rsp, 80
+    mov [rsp], rdi              ; Ast
+
+    call parse_primary_expr
+    mov [rsp + 16], rax          ; expr
+    mov [rsp + 24], rdx          ; placeness
+
+    call tokeniser_get_cursor
+    mov [rsp + 8], rax          ; span
+
+    mov dil, TOKEN_LPARENS
+    call expect_token
+    test rax, rax
+    jnz .call_expr
+    mov rax, [rsp + 16]         ; expr
+    mov rdx, [rsp + 24]         ; placeness
+    jmp .epilogue
+
+.call_expr:
+    ; start-structs
+    ; struct AstCallExpr {
+    ;   callee: u64,
+    ;   params: *const u64,
+    ;   params_len: usize,
+    ; }
+    ; end-structs
+
+    ; scratch [64..80]
+    ; params: Vec [24..64]
+
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; Ast
+    mov rsi, [rsp + 16]         ; callee
+    mov rdx, [rsp + 24]         ; placeness
+    call ast_place_to_value
+    mov [rsp + 16], rax         ; callee
+
+    lea rdi, [rsp + 24]         ; params
+    mov rsi, 8                  ; size of u64
+    mov rdx, 0                  ; drop = None
+    mov rcx, 16                 ; capacity
+    call vec_init_with
+
+.params_loop:
+    mov dil, TOKEN_RPARENS
+    call expect_token
+    test rax, rax
+    jnz .params_done
+
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; Ast
+    call parse_expr
+
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; Ast
+    mov rsi, rax                ; expr
+    call ast_place_to_value
+    mov [rsp + 64], rax         ; value
+    lea rdi, [rsp + 24]         ; params
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 64]         ; &value
+    call vec_push
+
+    mov dil, TOKEN_COMMA
+    call expect_token
+    test rax, rax
+    jz .close_parens
+    jmp .params_loop
+
+.close_parens:
+    mov dil, TOKEN_RPARENS
+    call unwrap_token
+.params_done:
+
+    mov rdi, 24                 ; size_of::<AstCallExpr>
+    mov rsi, 8                  ; align_of::<AstCallExpr>
+    call bump_alloc
+
+    mov rdi, rax                ; dst
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 16]         ; &callee
+    mov rdx, 24                 ; size_of::<AstCallExpr>
+    call memcpy
+
+    mov [rsp + 16], rdi           ; AstNode.data = *AstCallExpr
+    mov qword [rsp + 24], 0       ; AstNode.extra = 0
+    mov rax, [rsp + 8]            ; span
+    mov [rsp + 32], rax           ; AstNode.span
+    mov qword [rsp + 8], AST_CALL ; AstNode.kind
+
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; Ast
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 8]          ; &AstNode
+    call vec_push
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; Ast
+    mov rax, [rdi + 8]          ; return Ast.nodes.len()
+    dec rax
+    mov rdx, 0                  ; placeness = false
+
+.epilogue:
+    add rsp, 80
+    pop rbx
+    pop rbp
+    ret
+
 ;; rdi: *mut Ast
 ;; define-fn: fn parse_primary_expr(ast: *mut Ast) -> (u64, bool)
 parse_primary_expr:
@@ -439,7 +625,7 @@ parse_binary_expr:
     call tokeniser_get_cursor
     mov [rsp + 56], rax         ; span
 
-    call parse_prefix_expr
+    call parse_as_expr
     mov [rsp + 8], rax          ; left
     mov [rsp + 19], dl          ; left_placeness
 
@@ -463,11 +649,11 @@ parse_binary_expr:
     cmove bx, word [rel PRECEDENCE_EQ]
     cmp al, TOKEN_LT
     cmove bx, word [rel PRECEDENCE_CMP]
-    cmp al, TOKEN_LTEQ
+    cmp al, TOKEN_LEQ
     cmove bx, word [rel PRECEDENCE_CMP]
     cmp al, TOKEN_GT
     cmove bx, word [rel PRECEDENCE_CMP]
-    cmp al, TOKEN_GTEQ
+    cmp al, TOKEN_GEQ
     cmove bx, word [rel PRECEDENCE_CMP]
     cmp bx, -1
     je .done
@@ -722,13 +908,63 @@ parse_type:
     je .bool_type
     cmp al, TOKEN_STAR
     je .pointer_type
+    cmp al, TOKEN_U8
+    je .u8_type
+    cmp al, TOKEN_I8
+    je .i8_type
+    cmp al, TOKEN_U16
+    je .u16_type
+    cmp al, TOKEN_I16
+    je .i16_type
+    cmp al, TOKEN_U64
+    je .u64_type
+    cmp al, TOKEN_I64
+    je .i64_type
+    cmp al, TOKEN_F32
+    je .f32_type
+    cmp al, TOKEN_F64
+    je .f64_type
+    cmp al, TOKEN_USIZE
+    je .usize_type
+    cmp al, TOKEN_ISIZE
+    je .isize_type
     jmp .panic
-.i32_type:
-    mov rax, TYPE_I32
+.u8_type:
+    mov rax, TYPE_U8
+    jmp .epilogue
+.i8_type:
+    mov rax, TYPE_I8
+    jmp .epilogue
+.u16_type:
+    mov rax, TYPE_U16
+    jmp .epilogue
+.i16_type:
+    mov rax, TYPE_I16
     jmp .epilogue
 .u32_type:
     mov rax, TYPE_U32
     jmp .epilogue
+.i32_type:
+    mov rax, TYPE_I32
+    jmp .epilogue
+.u64_type:
+    mov rax, TYPE_U64
+    jmp .epilogue
+.i64_type:
+    mov rax, TYPE_I64
+    jmp .epilogue
+.usize_type:
+    mov rax, TYPE_USIZE
+    jmp .epilogue
+.isize_type:
+    mov rax, TYPE_ISIZE
+    jmp .epilogue
+.f32_type:
+    mov rax, TYPE_F32
+    jmp .epilogue
+.f64_type:
+    mov rax, TYPE_F64
+    jmp .epilogue
 .void_type:
     mov rax, TYPE_VOID
     jmp .epilogue
@@ -782,7 +1018,7 @@ parse_prefix_expr:
     jnz .address_of
 
     mov rdi, [rsp]              ; Ast
-    call parse_primary_expr
+    call parse_postfix_expr
     jmp .done
 .dereference:
     mov rdi, [rsp]              ; Ast
@@ -1193,11 +1429,11 @@ symkey_cmp:
     mov [rsp], rsi
     mov [rsp + 8], rdx
 
-    mov al, byte [rsi]        ; a.kind
-    mov bl, byte [rdx]        ; b.kind
-    cmp al, bl
-    jl .a_less
-    jg .a_greater
+    ; mov al, byte [rsi]        ; a.kind
+    ; mov bl, byte [rdx]        ; b.kind
+    ; cmp al, bl
+    ; jl .a_less
+    ; jg .a_greater
 
     mov rax, [rsi + 8]       ; a.scope_index
     mov rbx, [rdx + 8]       ; b.scope_index
@@ -1216,6 +1452,12 @@ symkey_cmp:
 
     mov rsi, [rsp]
     mov rdx, [rsp + 8]
+    mov al, byte [rsi]        ; a.kind
+    mov bl, byte [rdx]        ; b.kind
+    cmp al, bl
+    jl .a_less
+    jg .a_greater
+
     mov rax, [rsi + 16]      ; a.span
     mov rbx, [rdx + 16]      ; b.span
     cmp rax, rbx
@@ -1241,9 +1483,10 @@ section .rdata
     SYM_KEY_SCOPE_NAME equ 2        ; :u8
     SYM_KEY_PARENT_SCOPE equ 3      ; :u8
     SYM_KEY_START_LOCALS equ 4      ; :u8
-    SYM_KEY_ARG equ 5               ; :u8
-    SYM_KEY_VAR equ 6               ; :u8
-    SYM_KEY_END_LOCALS equ 7        ; :u8
+    SYM_KEY_FUNCTION equ 5          ; :u8
+    SYM_KEY_ARG equ 6               ; :u8
+    SYM_KEY_VAR equ 7               ; :u8
+    SYM_KEY_END_LOCALS equ 8        ; :u8
     ;; end-consts
 
 section .text
@@ -1395,9 +1638,29 @@ ast_build_symtable_for_each:
     jmp .insert_scope
 
 .func:
-    ; use function name as scope name
-
     mov rbx, [rax + 8]          ; AstNode.data
+
+    ; insert function symbol
+    mov byte [rsp + 32], SYM_KEY_FUNCTION ; SymKey.kind
+    mov rdx, [rsp + 88]            ; index
+    mov qword [rsp + 40], rdx      ; SymKey.scope_index
+    mov rdx, [rax + 24]            ; AstNode.span
+    mov qword [rsp + 48], rdx      ; SymKey.span
+    mov rdx, [rbx + 0]          ; Func.name
+    mov rcx, [rbx + 8]          ; Func.name_len
+    mov [rsp + 56], rdx         ; SymKey.ident
+    mov [rsp + 64], rcx         ; SymKey.ident_len
+    mov rdx, [rsp + 16]         ; index
+    mov [rsp + 72], rdx         ; SymEntry.index
+    mov qword [rsp + 80], 0     ; SymEntry.extra
+
+    mov rdi, [rsp + 8]          ; Ctx.symtable
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 32]         ; &SymEntry
+    mov rcx, 0                  ; cmp_ctx
+    mov rdx, symkey_cmp         ; cmp
+    call vec_insert_sorted
+
+    ; use function name as scope name
     mov rdx, [rbx + 0]          ; Func.name
     mov rcx, [rbx + 8]          ; Func.name_len
 
@@ -1409,6 +1672,7 @@ ast_build_symtable_for_each:
     mov byte [rsp + 32], SYM_KEY_SCOPE ; SymKey.kind
     mov rdx, [rsp + 16]                ; index
     mov qword [rsp + 40], rdx          ; SymKey.scope_index
+    mov rax, [rsp + 24]                ; *AstNode
     mov rdx, [rax + 24]                ; AstNode.span
     mov qword [rsp + 48], rdx          ; SymKey.span
     mov qword [rsp + 56], 1            ; SymKey.ident
@@ -1587,6 +1851,35 @@ ast_walk_for_each:
     je .return_statement
     cmp bl, AST_IF
     je .if_expr
+    cmp bl, AST_CALL
+    je .call
+    cmp bl, AST_AS
+    je .as_expr
+    jmp .check_scope
+
+.as_expr:
+    mov rbx, [rax + 8]          ; AstNode.data = *AstAsExpr
+    mov rax, [rbx + 0]          ; AstCallExpr.expr
+    push rax                     ; push expr index
+    jmp .check_scope
+
+.call:
+    mov rbx, [rax + 8]          ; AstNode.data = *AstCallExpr
+    mov rax, [rbx + 0]          ; AstCallExpr.callee
+    push rax                     ; push callee index
+
+    mov r15, [rbx + 16]         ; AstCallExpr.args_len
+    xor r14, r14                ; index
+.call_params:
+    cmp r14, r15
+    jge .call_params_done
+    mov rdx, [rbx + 8]          ; AstCallExpr.args
+    lea rdx, [rdx + r14*8]
+    mov rax, [rdx]              ; arg index
+    push rax                     ; push arg index
+    inc r14
+    jmp .call_params
+.call_params_done:
     jmp .check_scope
 
 .func:
@@ -1786,6 +2079,11 @@ ast_resolve_var_refs_for_each:
     call vec_get
     mov rbx, rax                 ; *SymEntry
 
+    ; check symbol entry kind
+    mov al, byte [rbx + 0]      ; SymEntry.key.kind
+    cmp al, SYM_KEY_START_LOCALS
+    jb .parent
+
     ; compare symbol ident with var_ref ident
     mov rdi, [rbx + 24]         ; SymEntry.key.ident
     mov rsi, [rbx + 32]         ; SymEntry.key.ident_len
@@ -1841,6 +2139,7 @@ ast_resolve_var_refs_for_each:
     ret
 .panic:
     call panic
+;; } ast_resolve_var_refs_for_each
 
 ;; rdi: Ast
 ;; rsi: *mut SymbolTable

lang/src/ast.inc

@@ -18,11 +18,22 @@ section .rdata
     AST_IF equ 16               ; :u8
     AST_ELSE equ 17             ; :u8
     AST_CALL equ 18             ; :u8
+    AST_AS equ 19               ; :u8
 
     TYPE_VOID equ 1             ; :u8
     TYPE_BOOL equ 2             ; :u8
-    TYPE_I32 equ 3              ; :u8
-    TYPE_U32 equ 4              ; :u8
-    TYPE_STR equ 5              ; :u8
-    TYPE_POINTER equ 6          ; :u8
+    TYPE_U8 equ 3               ; :u8
+    TYPE_U16 equ 4              ; :u8
+    TYPE_U32 equ 5              ; :u8
+    TYPE_U64 equ 6              ; :u8
+    TYPE_USIZE equ 7            ; :u8
+    TYPE_I8 equ 8               ; :u8
+    TYPE_I16 equ 9              ; :u8
+    TYPE_I32 equ 10             ; :u8
+    TYPE_I64 equ 11             ; :u8
+    TYPE_ISIZE equ 12           ; :u8
+    TYPE_STR equ 13             ; :u8
+    TYPE_POINTER equ 14         ; :u8
+    TYPE_F32 equ 15             ; :u8
+    TYPE_F64 equ 16             ; :u8
 ;; end-consts

lang/src/codegen.asm

@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ codegen_allocate_stack_value:
     mov rsi, 0xF
     not rsi
     and rax, rsi                ; clear kind to make it a value
-    and rax, OPERAND_RBP_VALUE  ; Operand.kind = OPERAND_RBP_VALUE
+    or rax, OPERAND_RBP_VALUE  ; Operand.kind = OPERAND_RBP_VALUE
 
     pop rbp
     ret
@@ -971,6 +971,243 @@ codegen_block:
     pop rbp
     ret
 
+;; rdi: ctx
+;; rsi: &function_ctx
+;; rdx: *AstCallExpr
+;; define-fn: fn codegen_call_expr(ctx: *const CodegenCtx, function_ctx: &FunctionCtx, call_expr: *const AstCallExpr) -> (u64, bool)
+codegen_call_expr:
+    push rbp
+    mov rbp, rsp
+    push rbx
+    push r15
+    push r14
+
+    ; scratch [80..112]
+    ; callee_operand [64..80]
+    ; param_operands [24..64]
+    ; *AstCallExpr [16..24]
+    ; function_ctx [8..16]
+    ; ctx [0..8]
+    sub rsp, 112
+    mov [rsp], rdi              ; ctx
+    mov [rsp + 8], rsi          ; &function_ctx
+    mov [rsp + 16], rdx         ; *AstCallExpr
+    mov rbx, rdx                ; copy of *AstCallExpr
+
+    ; initialize param_operands
+    lea rdi, [rsp + 24]         ; param_operands
+    mov rsi, 16                 ; size_of::<Operand>
+    mov rdx, 0                  ; drop = None
+    mov rcx, 16                 ; initial capacity
+    call vec_init_with
+
+    ; codegen callee
+    mov rdx, [rbx + 0]          ; AstCallExpr.callee
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    mov rsi, [rsp + 8]          ; &function_ctx
+    call codegen_expr
+    mov [rsp + 64], rax         ; callee operand
+    mov [rsp + 72], rdx
+
+    ; If callee is in a param-register, move to stack
+    cmp al, OPERAND_REGISTER
+    jne .arg_loop_init
+    mov rdx, 0b00000011_00111100
+    movzx rcx, byte [rsp + 64 + 1] ; callee register
+    bt rdx, rcx
+    jnc .arg_loop_init
+
+    ; allocate stack slot
+    mov rdi, [rsp + 8]             ; &function_ctx
+    movzx rsi, word [rsp + 64 + 2] ; Operand.width
+    call codegen_allocate_stack_value
+    mov [rsp + 80], rax         ; new stack operand
+    mov [rsp + 88], rdx
+
+    ; move from register to stack
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    lea rdi, [rdi + 8]          ; &ctx.text
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 80]         ; dst
+    lea rdx, [rsp + 64]         ; src
+    call codegen_move_dst_src
+    ; free original callee operand
+    mov rdi, [rsp + 8]          ; &function_ctx
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 64]         ; callee operand
+    call codegen_free_operand
+
+    mov rax, [rsp + 80]         ; callee operand = new stack operand
+    mov rdx, [rsp + 88]
+    mov [rsp + 64], rax
+    mov [rsp + 72], rdx
+
+.arg_loop_init:
+    mov r15, [rbx + 16]         ; AstCallExpr.args_len
+    xor r14, r14                 ; arg index
+.arg_loop:
+    cmp r14, r15
+    jge .arg_loop_done
+    mov rdx, [rbx + 8]          ; AstCallExpr.args
+    lea rsi, [rdx + r14 * 8]
+    mov rdx, [rsi]              ; arg ast index
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    mov rsi, [rsp + 8]          ; &function_ctx
+    call codegen_expr
+    mov [rsp + 80], rax         ; param operand
+    mov [rsp + 88], rdx
+
+    ; store param operand
+    ; if the operand is in a register, move it to the stack
+    ; we know already that these are values
+
+    cmp byte [rsp + 80], OPERAND_REGISTER
+    jne .store_param
+    ; allocate stack slot
+    mov rdi, [rsp + 8]          ; &function_ctx
+    movzx rsi, word [rsp + 80 + 2]     ; Operand.width
+    call codegen_allocate_stack_value
+    mov [rsp + 96], rax         ; new stack operand
+    mov [rsp + 104], rdx
+
+    ; move from register to stack
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    lea rdi, [rdi + 8]          ; &ctx.text
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 96]         ; dst
+    lea rdx, [rsp + 80]         ; src
+    call codegen_move_dst_src
+
+    ; free original param operand
+    mov rdi, [rsp + 8]          ; &function_ctx
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 80]         ; param operand
+    call codegen_free_operand
+    mov rax, [rsp + 96]         ; param operand = new stack operand
+    mov rdx, [rsp + 104]
+    mov [rsp + 80], rax
+    mov [rsp + 88], rdx
+
+.store_param:
+    ; push param operand to param_operands
+    lea rdi, [rsp + 24]         ; param_operands
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 80]         ; &param operand
+    call vec_push
+
+    inc r14
+    jmp .arg_loop
+.arg_loop_done:
+
+    ; push volatile registers
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    lea rdi, [rdi + 8]          ; &ctx.text
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 8]          ; &function_ctx
+    mov rdx, 0                  ; pop = false
+    call codegen_push_pop_used_registers
+
+    ; move params to appropriate registers/stack slots
+    ; reverse order to allow freeing the allocated stack slots
+    mov r15, [rbx + 16]         ; AstCallExpr.args_len
+    cmp r15, 6
+    jg .panic                   ; more than 6 params not supported yet
+.param_move_loop:
+    dec r15
+    cmp r15, 0
+    jl .param_move_done
+
+    mov rdi, r15                ; param index
+    call codegen_arg_to_operand
+    mov [rsp + 80], rax         ; target operand
+    mov [rsp + 88], rdx
+
+    lea rdi, [rsp + 24]         ; param_operands
+    mov rsi, r15
+    call vec_get
+    mov r14, rax                ; source operand
+
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    lea rdi, [rdi + 8]          ; &ctx.text
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 80]         ; dst
+    mov rdx, r14                ; src
+    call codegen_move_dst_src
+    ; free param operand
+    mov rdi, [rsp + 8]          ; &function_ctx
+    mov rdx, r14                ; param operand
+    call codegen_free_operand
+
+    jmp .param_move_loop
+.param_move_done:
+
+    ; align stack
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    lea rdi, [rdi + 8]          ; &ctx.text
+    lea rsi, [rel ALIGN_STACK]
+    mov rdx, ALIGN_STACK_LEN
+    call vec_extend
+    ; mov rax, rsp
+    ; sub rsp, 8
+    ; and rsp, -16
+    ; mov [rsp], rax
+
+    ; call callee
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    lea rdi, [rdi + 8]          ; &ctx.text
+    lea rsi, [rel CALL_]
+    mov rdx, CALL_LEN
+    call vec_extend
+
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    lea rdi, [rdi + 8]          ; &ctx.text
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 64]         ; callee operand
+    call codegen_write_operand
+
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    lea rdi, [rdi + 8]          ; &ctx.text
+    lea rsi, [rel NEWLINE]
+    call vec_push
+
+    ; de-align stack
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    lea rdi, [rdi + 8]          ; &ctx.text
+    lea rsi, [rel RESTORE_STACK]
+    mov rdx, RESTORE_STACK_LEN
+    call vec_extend
+
+    ; free callee operand
+    mov rdi, [rsp + 8]          ; &function_ctx
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 64]         ; callee operand
+    call codegen_free_operand
+
+    ; pop volatile registers
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    lea rdi, [rdi + 8]          ; &ctx.text
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 8]          ; &function_ctx
+    mov rdx, 1                  ; pop = true
+    call codegen_push_pop_used_registers
+
+    ; allocate return value operand
+    mov rdi, [rsp + 8]          ; &function_ctx
+    mov rsi, 8                  ; size_of::<u64>
+    call codegen_allocate_value
+    mov [rsp + 80], rax         ; return value operand
+    mov [rsp + 88], rdx
+
+    ; mov dst, rax
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    lea rdi, [rdi + 8]          ; &ctx.text
+    lea rsi, [rsp + 80]         ; dst
+    lea rdx, [rel OPERAND_RAX]  ; src
+    call codegen_move_dst_src
+
+    ; return return value operand
+    mov rax, [rsp + 80]
+    mov rdx, [rsp + 88]
+
+    add rsp, 112
+    pop r14
+    pop r15
+    pop rbx
+    pop rbp
+    ret
+.panic:
+    call panic
+
 ;; rdi: ctx
 ;; rsi: &function_ctx
 ;; rdx: expr index
@@ -1022,8 +1259,17 @@ codegen_expr:
     je .address_of
     cmp bl, AST_IF
     je .if_expr
+    cmp bl, AST_CALL
+    je .call_expr
     jmp .panic
 
+.call_expr:
+    mov rdx, [rax + 8]          ; AstNode.data = *AstCallExpr
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    mov rsi, [rsp + 8]          ; &function_ctx
+    call codegen_call_expr
+    jmp .done
+
 .if_expr:
     mov rbx, [rax + 8]          ; AstNode.data = *AstIfExpr
     mov [rsp + 16], rax         ; scratch = AstNode
@@ -1614,9 +1860,29 @@ codegen_expr:
     jmp .done
 
 .var_ref:
-    mov rax, [rax + 8]          ; AstNode.data
-    mov rax, [rax]              ; variable index
+    mov rbx, [rax + 8]          ; AstNode.data
+    mov rax, [rbx]              ; variable index
 
+    ; check if we're trying to get a reference to a function
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; ctx
+    mov rdi, [rdi]              ; ast
+    mov rsi, rax                ; variable index
+    call vec_get
+    cmp byte [rax], AST_FUNCTION
+    jne .var_ref_var
+
+    mov rax, [rax + 8]         ; *AstFunction
+    ; create label operand for function
+    mov rcx, [rel OPERAND_LABEL0]
+    movzx rdx, word [rax + 8]         ; AstFunction.name_len
+    shl rdx, 32
+    or rcx, rdx
+    mov rdx, [rax + 0]          ; AstFunction.name
+    mov rax, rcx
+    jmp .done
+
+.var_ref_var:
+    mov rax, [rbx]
     mov [rsp + 16], rax
     mov qword [rsp + 24], 0
     ; lookup variable in stack_vars
@@ -1656,6 +1922,9 @@ codegen_expr:
     je .ptv_register_place
     cmp al, OPERAND_RBP_PLACE
     je .ptv_rbp_place
+    cmp al, OPERAND_LABEL
+    je .done
+    jmp .panic
 
 .ptv_rbp_offset:
     mov byte [rsp + 16], OPERAND_RBP_PVALUE
@@ -1830,10 +2099,12 @@ codegen_expr:
 ;;   register: u8,
 ;;   width: u16,
 ;;   len: u16,
+;;   align: u8,
+;;   bitset: u8,
 ;;   value: u64,
 ;; }
 ;; end-structs
-;; or: register: u4, width: u4
+;; bitset[0]: signed
 section .rdata
 ;; start-consts
     ; Register containing a Value
@@ -1887,6 +2158,8 @@ section .rdata
     OPERAND_RBP_P dq 0x0008_0009, 0
     align 8
     OPERAND_ZERO dq 0x0001_000b, 0
+    align 8
+    OPERAND_LABEL0 dq 0x0008_000d, 0
 
 section .text
 
@@ -2031,8 +2304,7 @@ codegen_write_operand:
     mov rax, [rsp + 8]          ; op
     mov rdi, [rsp]              ; *text
     mov rsi, [rax + 8]          ; Operand.value
-    mov rdx, [rax + 4]          ; Operand.len
-    mov dx, dx                  ; low 16 bits
+    movzx rdx, word [rax + 4]   ; Operand.len
     call vec_extend
 
     mov byte [rsp + 16], ']'
@@ -2060,13 +2332,18 @@ codegen_write_operand:
     mov rax, [rsp + 8]          ; op
     mov rdi, [rsp]              ; *text
     mov rsi, [rax + 8]          ; op.value
-    mov rdx, [rax + 2]          ; op.len
-    mov dx, dx                  ; low 16 bits
+    movzx rdx, word [rax + 4]   ; Operand.len
     call vec_extend
     jmp .epilogue
 
 .label:
-    jmp .panic
+    ; write address name
+    mov rax, [rsp + 8]          ; op
+    mov rdi, [rsp]              ; *text
+    mov rsi, [rax + 8]          ; Operand.value
+    movzx rdx, word [rax + 4]   ; Operand.len
+    call vec_extend
+    jmp .epilogue
 
 .epilogue:
     add rsp, 40
@@ -2436,7 +2713,10 @@ codegen_move_dst_src:
     mov cx, word [rsi + 2]          ; dst.width
     mov bx, word [rdx + 2]          ; src.width
     cmp cx, bx
-    jne .panic                  ; mismatched widths
+    jb .panic                   ; dst.width < src.width
+    je .width_ok
+    mov qword [rsp + 24], 'movzx '
+.width_ok:
 
     ; ; if dst.width == 8 && src.kind == OPERAND_ADDRESS
     ; xor rbx, rbx
@@ -2545,4 +2825,14 @@ section .rdata
     JE_B_len equ $ - JE_B
     JMP_PHI dq "jmp .PHI"
     JMP_PHI_len equ $ - JMP_PHI
+    ALIGN_STACK db "mov rax, rsp", 10, "sub rsp, 8", 10, "and rsp, -16", 10, "mov [rsp], rax", 10
+    ALIGN_STACK_LEN equ $ - ALIGN_STACK
+    RESTORE_STACK db "pop rsp", 10
+    RESTORE_STACK_LEN equ $ - RESTORE_STACK
+    CALL_ dq "call "
+    CALL_LEN equ $ - CALL_
+    NEWLINE db 10
+    align 8
+    MOVZX_ dq "movzx "
+    
     

lang/src/tokeniser.asm

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ section .text
 
 ;; rdi: pointer to buffer
 ;; rsi: length of buffer
+;; define-fn: fn tokeniser_init_buf(buf: *const u8, buf_len: usize)
 tokeniser_init_buf:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp

lang/src/vec.asm

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ extern memswap
 extern oom
 extern panic
 extern eprint_str
-extern allocate
+extern bump_alloc
 
 global vec_init
 global vec_init_with
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ global vec_insert
 global vec_insert_many
 global vec_insert_sorted
 global vec_binary_search_by
+global vec_try_grow
+global vec_try_grow_with
 
 global vec_tests
 
@@ -33,11 +35,11 @@ global vec_tests
 ;; Byte vector structure
 ;; start-structs
 ;; struct BlobVec {
-;; data: *mut u8,
+;; data: *mut (),
 ;; len: usize,
 ;; cap: usize,
 ;; elem_size: usize,
-;; drop: Option<extern "C" fn(*mut u8)>,
+;; drop: Option<unsafe extern "C" fn(*mut ())>,
 ;; }
 ;; end-structs
 ;; size: 40 bytes
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ global vec_tests
 ;; rdi: pointer to Vec struct
 ;; rsi: item_size
 ;; rdx: drop function pointer
-;; fn vec_init(vec: *mut Vec, item_size: usize, drop: Option<fn(*mut u8)>)
+;; define-fn: fn vec_init(vec: *mut BlobVec, item_size: usize, drop: Option<unsafe extern "C" fn(*mut ())>)
 vec_init:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -57,7 +59,8 @@ vec_init:
     push rdi
     ; (*vec).data = allocate(INIT_CAPACITY);
     mov rdi, INIT_CAPACITY
-    call allocate
+    mov rsi, 8
+    call bump_alloc
     pop r15
     mov [r15], rax
     ; (*vec).len = 0;
@@ -79,7 +82,7 @@ vec_init:
 ;; rsi: item_size
 ;; rdx: drop function pointer
 ;; rcx: capacity
-;; fn vec_init_with(vec: *mut Vec, item_size: usize, drop: Option<fn(*mut u8)>, capacity: usize)
+;; define-fn: fn vec_init_with(vec: *mut BlobVec, item_size: usize, drop: Option<unsafe extern "C" fn(*mut ())>, capacity: usize)
 vec_init_with:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -94,7 +97,8 @@ vec_init_with:
     mov rax, rcx
     mul rsi                     ; capacity * item_size
     mov rdi, rax
-    call allocate
+    mov rsi, 8
+    call bump_alloc
     pop r15
     mov [r15], rax
     ; (*vec).len = 0;
@@ -112,7 +116,7 @@ vec_init_with:
 ;; rdi: pointer to Vec struct
 ;; rsi: index
 ;; rdx: pointer to default value
-;; fn vec_get(vec: *mut Vec, index: usize, default: *mut u8) -> *mut u8
+;; define-fn: fn vec_get_or(vec: *mut BlobVec, index: usize, default: *mut ()) -> *mut ()
 vec_get_or:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -134,7 +138,7 @@ vec_get_or:
 
 ;; rdi: pointer to Vec struct
 ;; rsi: index
-;; fn vec_get(vec: *mut Vec, index: usize) -> *mut u8
+;; define-fn: fn vec_get(vec: *mut BlobVec, index: usize) -> *mut ()
 vec_get:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -157,7 +161,8 @@ vec_get:
 
 ;; rdi: pointer to Vec struct
 ;; rsi: pointer to data to push
-;; fn vec_push(vec: *mut Vec, data: &[u8])
+;; returns the index at which the item was pushed (the old length of the vector)
+;; define-fn: fn vec_push(vec: *mut BlobVec, data: *const ()) -> usize
 vec_push:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -182,15 +187,16 @@ vec_push:
     mov rdx, [rax + 24]     ; item_size
     call memcpy
     ; vec.len += 1;
-    mov rax, [rsp]          ; vec
-    add qword [rax + 8], 1
+    mov rdx, [rsp]          ; vec
+    mov rax, [rdx + 8]
+    add qword [rdx + 8], 1
     add rsp, 24
     pop rbp
     ret
 
 
 ;; rdi: pointer to Vec struct
-;; fn vec_pop(vec: *mut Vec)
+;; define-fn: fn vec_pop(vec: *mut BlobVec)
 vec_pop:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -210,7 +216,7 @@ vec_pop:
     ret
 
 ;; rdi: pointer to Vec struct
-;; fn vec_pop(vec: *mut Vec)
+;; define-fn: fn vec_drop_last(vec: *mut BlobVec)
 vec_drop_last:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -244,7 +250,7 @@ vec_drop_last:
 ;; rdi: pointer to Vec struct
 ;; rsi: index a
 ;; rdx: index b
-;; fn vec_swap(vec: *mut Vec, a: usize, b: usize)
+;; define-fn: fn vec_swap(vec: *mut BlobVec, a: usize, b: usize)
 vec_swap:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -291,7 +297,7 @@ vec_swap:
 
 ;; rdi: pointer to Vec struct
 ;; rsi: index
-;; fn vec_remove(vec: *mut Vec, index: usize)
+;; define-fn: fn vec_remove(vec: *mut BlobVec, index: usize)
 vec_remove:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -337,8 +343,18 @@ vec_remove:
 ;; essentially a reserve() function
 ;; rdi: pointer to Vec struct
 ;; rsi: desired size
-;; fn vec_try_grow(vec: *mut Vec, new_size: usize) -> bool
+;; define-fn: fn vec_try_grow(vec: *mut BlobVec, new_size: usize) -> bool
 vec_try_grow:
+    mov rdx, bump_alloc
+    call vec_try_grow_with
+    ret
+
+;; essentially a reserve() function
+;; rdi: pointer to Vec struct
+;; rsi: desired size
+;; rdx: allocate function pointer
+;; define-fn: fn vec_try_grow_with(vec: *mut BlobVec, new_size: usize, alloc: unsafe extern "C" fn(usize, usize) -> *const ()) -> bool
+vec_try_grow_with:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
     push rbx
@@ -366,7 +382,8 @@ vec_try_grow:
     mul qword [rdi + 24]   ; new_capacity * item_size
     ; new_data = allocate(new_capacity);
     mov rdi, rax
-    call allocate
+    mov rsi, 8
+    call rdx
     mov [rsp + 16], rax
     mov rdi, [rsp]
     ; memcpy(new_data, old_data, len * vec.item_size);
@@ -390,6 +407,7 @@ vec_try_grow:
     ret
 
 ;; rdi: pointer to Vec struct
+;; define-fn: fn vec_drop(vec: *mut BlobVec)
 vec_drop:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -432,6 +450,7 @@ vec_drop:
 ;; rsi: poiter to object to find
 ;; rdx: compare function fn(ctx: *const (), a: *const T, b: *const T) -> bool
 ;; rcx: compare_fn context
+;; define-fn: fn vec_find(vec: *mut BlobVec, object: *const (), compare: unsafe extern "C" fn(ctx: *const (), a: *const (), b: *const ()) -> bool, ctx: *const ()) -> usize
 vec_find:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -483,7 +502,7 @@ vec_find:
 ;; rdi: pointer to Vec struct
 ;; rsi : index
 ;; rdx: pointer to data to insert
-;; fn vec_insert(vec: *mut Vec, index: usize, data: *const T)
+;; define-fn: fn vec_insert(vec: *mut BlobVec, index: usize, data: *const ())
 vec_insert:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -535,7 +554,7 @@ vec_insert:
 ;; rsi : index
 ;; rdx: pointer to data to insert
 ;; rcx: count
-;; define-fn: fn vec_insert_many(vec: *mut BlobVec, index: usize, data: *const u8, count: usize)
+;; define-fn: fn vec_insert_many(vec: *mut BlobVec, index: usize, data: *const (), count: usize)
 vec_insert_many:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -595,7 +614,7 @@ vec_insert_many:
 ;; rsi: pointer to key
 ;; rdx: compare function fn(ctx: *const (), a: *const T, b: *const T) -> i32
 ;; rcx: compare_fn context
-;;fn vec_binary_search_by(vec: *mut Vec, key: *const T, compare: fn(ctx: *const (), a: *const T, b: *const T) -> i32, ctx: *const ()) -> (usize, bool)
+;; define-fn: fn vec_binary_search_by(vec: *mut BlobVec, key: *const (), compare: unsafe extern "C" fn(ctx: *const (), a: *const (), b: *const ()) -> i32, ctx: *const ()) -> (usize, bool)
 vec_binary_search_by:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -667,7 +686,7 @@ vec_binary_search_by:
 ;; rsi: pointer to key
 ;; rdx: compare function fn(ctx: *const (), a: *const T, b: *const T) -> i32
 ;; rcx: compare_fn context
-;;fn vec_insert_sorted(vec: *mut Vec, key: *const T, compare: fn(ctx: *const (), a: *const T, b: *const T) -> i32, ctx: *const ()) -> (usize, bool)
+;;define-fn: fn vec_insert_sorted(vec: *mut BlobVec, key: *const (), compare: unsafe extern "C" fn(ctx: *const (), a: *const (), b: *const ()) -> i32, ctx: *const ()) -> (usize, bool)
 vec_insert_sorted:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp
@@ -694,9 +713,9 @@ vec_insert_sorted:
     ret
 
 ;; rdi: *Vec
-;; rsi: *const u8
+;; rsi: *const ()
 ;; rdx: number of elements
-;; define-fn: fn vec_extend(vec: *mut BlobVec, elements: *const u8, count: usize) -> ()
+;; define-fn: fn vec_extend(vec: *mut BlobVec, elements: *const (), count: usize) -> ()
 vec_extend:
     push rbp
     mov rbp, rsp

lang/tests/asm_to_rust.py

@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ def parse_file(path: Path) -> Dict[str, Any]:
 def render_rust(function_sigs: List[str], consts: List[Tuple[str, str, str]],
                 structs: List[Tuple[str, List[str]]], rust_blocks: List[List[str]]) -> str:
     parts: List[str] = []
-    parts.append('#![allow(non_camel_case_types, dead_code, non_upper_case_globals, improper_ctypes)]')
+    # parts.append('#![allow(non_camel_case_types, dead_code, non_upper_case_globals, improper_ctypes)]')
     parts.append('// Auto-generated Rust bindings from assembly source\n')
 
     # Functions: wrap in single extern "C" block if any

lang/tests/ast.rs

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ a = &b;
     }",
         |ast| unsafe { parse_func(ast) },
     );
+
     print_ast(
         b"fn main(a: u32) -> void {
         if (a == 0) {
@@ -122,4 +123,18 @@ a = &b;
     }",
         |ast| unsafe { parse_func(ast) },
     );
+
+    print_ast(
+        b"fn main(a: u32) -> void {
+return main(1);
+}",
+        |ast| unsafe { parse_func(ast) },
+    );
+
+    print_ast(
+        b"fn main(a: u32) -> void {
+return a as u8;
+}",
+        |ast| unsafe { parse_func(ast) },
+    );
 }

lang/tests/codegen.rs

@@ -99,15 +99,26 @@ fn main() {
 //         |ast| unsafe { parse_func(ast) },
 //     );
 
+//     print_ast(
+//         b"fn main(a: u32) -> void {
+// let x: u32 = 10;
+// if (a == 42) {
+// x = 7;
+// } else {
+// x = 8;
+// }
+// return x;
+//     }",
+//         |ast| unsafe { parse_func(ast) },
+    //     );
+
     print_ast(
         b"fn main(a: u32) -> void {
-let x: u32 = 10;
 if (a == 42) {
-x = 7;
+    return main(7);
 } else {
-x = 8;
+    return a;
 }
-return x;
     }",
         |ast| unsafe { parse_func(ast) },
     );

lang/tests/shared/ast_debug.rs

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ use super::util;
 impl core::fmt::Display for util::defs::AstNode {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
         use util::defs::{
-            BinaryExpr, AST_ADDRESS_OF, AST_ARG, AST_ASSIGNMENT, AST_BINARY_OP, AST_BLOCK,
-            AST_DEREF, AST_FUNCTION, AST_IF, AST_NUMBER, AST_PLACE_TO_VALUE, AST_RETURN_STATEMENT,
-            AST_VALUE_TO_PLACE, AST_VAR_DECL, AST_VAR_REF,
+            BinaryExpr, AST_ADDRESS_OF, AST_ARG, AST_AS, AST_ASSIGNMENT, AST_BINARY_OP, AST_BLOCK,
+            AST_CALL, AST_DEREF, AST_FUNCTION, AST_IF, AST_NUMBER, AST_PLACE_TO_VALUE,
+            AST_RETURN_STATEMENT, AST_VALUE_TO_PLACE, AST_VAR_DECL, AST_VAR_REF,
         };
         match self.kind {
             AST_NUMBER => {
@@ -17,6 +17,16 @@ impl core::fmt::Display for util::defs::AstNode {
             AST_ADDRESS_OF => {
                 write!(f, "AddressOf(expr: {})", self.data as usize)
             }
+            AST_CALL => {
+                let call = unsafe { self.data.cast::<util::defs::AstCallExpr>().read() };
+                write!(f, "Call(callee: {}, params: {:?})", call.callee, unsafe {
+                    std::slice::from_raw_parts(call.params.cast::<u64>(), call.params_len as usize)
+                },)
+            }
+            AST_AS => {
+                let as_expr = unsafe { self.data.cast::<util::defs::AstAsExpr>().read() };
+                write!(f, "As(expr: {}, target_type: {})", as_expr.expr, as_expr.ty)
+            }
             AST_ARG => {
                 let arg = unsafe { self.data.cast::<util::defs::AstArgument>().read() };
                 write!(
@@ -147,6 +157,7 @@ impl core::fmt::Display for util::defs::SymEntry {
                             util::defs::SYM_KEY_PARENT_SCOPE => "ParentScope",
                             util::defs::SYM_KEY_ARG => "Argument",
                             util::defs::SYM_KEY_VAR => "Variable",
+                            util::defs::SYM_KEY_FUNCTION => "Function",
                             _ => "Unknown",
                         })
                     })

lang/tests/shared/defs.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,12 @@
 // Auto-generated Rust bindings from assembly source
 
 unsafe extern "C" {
+    pub unsafe fn bump_init();
+    pub unsafe fn bump_alloc(size: usize, alignment: usize) -> *mut u8;
     pub unsafe fn parse_func(ast: *mut Ast) -> u64;
     pub unsafe fn parse_args(ast: *mut Ast) -> (*const u64, usize);
+    pub unsafe fn parse_as_expr(ast: *mut Ast) -> (u64, bool);
+    pub unsafe fn parse_postfix_expr(ast: *mut Ast) -> (u64, bool);
     pub unsafe fn parse_primary_expr(ast: *mut Ast) -> (u64, bool);
     pub unsafe fn parse_binary_expr(ast: *mut Ast, precedence: u8) -> (u64, bool);
     pub unsafe fn parse_expr(ast: *mut Ast) -> u64;
@@ -28,6 +32,7 @@ unsafe extern "C" {
     pub unsafe fn codegen_free_operand(ctx: *mut FunctionCtx, operand: *const Operand) -> ();
     pub unsafe fn codegen_function(ast: *const CodegenCtx, func_idx: u64) -> ();
     pub unsafe fn codegen_push_pop_used_registers(text: *mut Vec<u8>, function_ctx: &FunctionCtx, pop: bool) -> u8;
+    pub unsafe fn codegen_call_expr(ctx: *const CodegenCtx, function_ctx: &FunctionCtx, call_expr: *const AstCallExpr) -> (u64, bool);
     pub unsafe fn codegen_expr(ctx: *const CodegenCtx, function_ctx: &FunctionCtx, expr_idx: u64) -> (u64, bool);
     pub unsafe fn codegen_binary_op_rm64_rm64(function_ctx: *mut FunctionCtx, text: *mut BlobVec, lhs: *const Operand, rhs: *const Operand, op: [u8; 8], discard_result: bool) -> *const Operand;
     pub unsafe fn vec_insert_many(vec: *mut BlobVec, index: usize, data: *const u8, count: usize);
@@ -38,9 +43,10 @@ pub const SYM_KEY_SCOPE: u8 = 1;
 pub const SYM_KEY_SCOPE_NAME: u8 = 2;
 pub const SYM_KEY_PARENT_SCOPE: u8 = 3;
 pub const SYM_KEY_START_LOCALS: u8 = 4;
-pub const SYM_KEY_ARG: u8 = 5;
-pub const SYM_KEY_VAR: u8 = 6;
-pub const SYM_KEY_END_LOCALS: u8 = 7;
+pub const SYM_KEY_FUNCTION: u8 = 5;
+pub const SYM_KEY_ARG: u8 = 6;
+pub const SYM_KEY_VAR: u8 = 7;
+pub const SYM_KEY_END_LOCALS: u8 = 8;
 pub const AST_FUNCTION: u8 = 1;
 pub const AST_BLOCK: u8 = 2;
 pub const AST_VARIABLE: u8 = 3;
@@ -59,12 +65,23 @@ pub const AST_SWITCH: u8 = 15;
 pub const AST_IF: u8 = 16;
 pub const AST_ELSE: u8 = 17;
 pub const AST_CALL: u8 = 18;
+pub const AST_AS: u8 = 19;
 pub const TYPE_VOID: u8 = 1;
 pub const TYPE_BOOL: u8 = 2;
-pub const TYPE_I32: u8 = 3;
-pub const TYPE_U32: u8 = 4;
-pub const TYPE_STR: u8 = 5;
-pub const TYPE_POINTER: u8 = 6;
+pub const TYPE_U8: u8 = 3;
+pub const TYPE_U16: u8 = 4;
+pub const TYPE_U32: u8 = 5;
+pub const TYPE_U64: u8 = 6;
+pub const TYPE_USIZE: u8 = 7;
+pub const TYPE_I8: u8 = 8;
+pub const TYPE_I16: u8 = 9;
+pub const TYPE_I32: u8 = 10;
+pub const TYPE_I64: u8 = 11;
+pub const TYPE_ISIZE: u8 = 12;
+pub const TYPE_STR: u8 = 13;
+pub const TYPE_POINTER: u8 = 14;
+pub const TYPE_F32: u8 = 15;
+pub const TYPE_F64: u8 = 16;
 pub const OPERAND_REGISTER: u32 = 1;
 pub const OPERAND_RBP_VALUE: u32 = 2;
 pub const OPERAND_RBP_PVALUE: u32 = 3;
@@ -190,6 +207,21 @@ pub struct AstFunction {
     pub body: u64,
 }
 
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct AstAsExpr {
+    pub expr: u64,
+    pub ty: Type,
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct AstCallExpr {
+    pub callee: u64,
+    pub params: *const u64,
+    pub params_len: usize,
+}
+
 #[repr(C)]
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct AstVarRef {
@@ -292,6 +324,8 @@ pub struct Operand {
     pub register: u8,
     pub width: u16,
     pub len: u16,
+    pub align: u8,
+    pub bitset: u8,
     pub value: u64,
 }
 

lang/tests/shared/shared.rs

@@ -373,26 +373,60 @@ impl<'a, T: core::fmt::Display> core::fmt::Display for DisplaySlice<'a, T> {
 
 impl core::fmt::Display for defs::Type {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
+        use defs::{
+            TYPE_BOOL, TYPE_F32, TYPE_F64, TYPE_I16, TYPE_I32, TYPE_I64, TYPE_I8, TYPE_ISIZE,
+            TYPE_POINTER, TYPE_STR, TYPE_U16, TYPE_U32, TYPE_U64, TYPE_U8, TYPE_USIZE, TYPE_VOID,
+        };
         match self.kind {
-            defs::TYPE_VOID => {
+            TYPE_VOID => {
                 write!(f, "void")
             }
-            defs::TYPE_BOOL => {
+            TYPE_BOOL => {
                 write!(f, "bool")
             }
-            defs::TYPE_I32 => {
+            TYPE_I32 => {
                 write!(f, "i32")
             }
-            defs::TYPE_U32 => {
+            TYPE_U32 => {
                 write!(f, "u32")
             }
-            defs::TYPE_STR => {
+            TYPE_STR => {
                 write!(f, "str")
             }
-            defs::TYPE_POINTER => {
+            TYPE_POINTER => {
                 let pointee = unsafe { (self.data as *const defs::Type).read() };
                 write!(f, "*{pointee}",)
             }
+            TYPE_I8 => {
+                write!(f, "i8")
+            }
+            TYPE_U8 => {
+                write!(f, "u8")
+            }
+            TYPE_I16 => {
+                write!(f, "i16")
+            }
+            TYPE_U16 => {
+                write!(f, "u16")
+            }
+            TYPE_I64 => {
+                write!(f, "i64")
+            }
+            TYPE_U64 => {
+                write!(f, "u64")
+            }
+            TYPE_F32 => {
+                write!(f, "f32")
+            }
+            TYPE_F64 => {
+                write!(f, "f64")
+            }
+            TYPE_USIZE => {
+                write!(f, "usize")
+            }
+            TYPE_ISIZE => {
+                write!(f, "isize")
+            }
             _ => {
                 write!(f, "UnknownType")
             }

lang/tests/vec.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ mod util;
 use util::{ffi::*, vec::Vec, BlobVec};
 
 fn main() {
+    unsafe {
+        util::defs::bump_init();
+    }
     static mut DROPS: usize = 1;
     fn get_drops() -> usize {
         unsafe { (&raw const DROPS).read() }

lang/typeck/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[package]
+name = "typeck"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[dependencies]
+libcompiler = { path = "../libcompiler" }

lang/typeck/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+fn init() {
+    unsafe {
+        libcompiler::ffi::bump_init();
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use libcompiler::ffi::Ast;
+
+    use crate::init;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn type_graph() {
+        init();
+
+        let src = b"fn my-fun(a: u32, b: u32) -> void {
+    let x: i64 = a as i64 + b as i64;
+}";
+        unsafe {
+            libcompiler::ffi::tokeniser_init_buf(src.as_ptr(), src.len());
+
+            let mut ast = Ast {
+                nodes: libcompiler::vec::Vec::default(),
+            };
+            let func_id = libcompiler::ffi::parse_func(&mut ast);
+            let mut symtable = core::mem::MaybeUninit::<libcompiler::ffi::SymbolTable>::uninit();
+            libcompiler::ffi::ast_build_symtable(&mut ast, func_id, &mut symtable);
+            let mut symtable = symtable.assume_init();
+
+            use libcompiler::DisplayedSliceExt;
+            println!(
+                "Symbol Table: {:#?}",
+                symtable.symtable.as_slice().displayed()
+            );
+
+            libcompiler::ffi::ast_resolve_var_refs(&mut ast, &mut symtable, func_id);
+        }
+    }
+}

tools/asm2rust

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../lang/tests/asm_to_rust.py